机组资源管理在试飞中的应用  

Application of crew resource management in flight test

作　　者：王海刚 吴鑫 罗海麟 WANG Haigang;WU Xin;LUO Hailin(Flight Test Center of COMAC,Shanghai 201323,China)

机构地区：[1]中国商飞民用飞机试飞中心,上海201323

出　　处：《民用飞机设计与研究》2023年第3期112-116,共5页Civil Aircraft Design & Research

摘　　要：试飞相比一般航线飞行要面对更复杂的飞机构型状态、更加严苛的飞行环境、超常规的飞行包线和飞行动作等,同时也具有特定的资源条件,在试飞中应用机组资源管理方法,对保障试飞安全和提高试飞效率都有重要意义。通过对比航线飞行和试飞活动,从人的资源、机上资源、程序资源、监控资源和保障资源等五个方面分析试飞资源特点,从情景意识、沟通和决策等方面分析试飞中的机组资源管理要素,研究在试飞中应用机组资源管理方法。以颤振和发动机操纵特性试飞科目为例,说明如何在试飞实施中考虑人员配置、监控条件、机组分工、通信标准等CRM要素,实际试飞经验表明机组管理方法可有效促进机组沟通协作,有助于优化试飞资源配置,降低试飞成本和风险。Compared with general airliner operation,flight test has to face complex aircraft configuration,more critical flight condition,unusual flight envelop and maneuver,meanwhile specific test resources are available.The application of crew resource management(CRM) methods in flight test is helpful for both test safety and efficiency.This article compares the airliner operation and test flight activities,analyzes the characteristics of test flight resources from human resource,on-board equipment,procedure,telemetry and ground support resources.We analyzed CRM elements in test flights from the perspectives of situational awareness,communication,and decision-making,and studied the application of CRM methods in test flights.Taking the flight test subjects of flutter and engine control characteristics as an example,this paper explains how to apply CRM elements such as personnel configuration,telemetry,crew coordination and communication protocol in flight test implementation.The actual flight test experience shows that CRM can effectively enhance crew communication and collaboration,help optimize flight test resource allocation and reduce flight test risk and cost.

关 键 词：机组资源管理 试飞 民用飞机 安全性 

分 类 号：F562.1[经济管理—产业经济]