贵州省土地利用变化及其生态效应分析  

Analysis of land use change and its ecological effects in Guizhou Province

作　　者：廖艳梅 尹林江 韩敏 蒙友波 罗洁琼 LIAO Yan-mei;YIN Lin-jiang;HAN Min;MENG You-bo;LUO Jie-qiong(Guizhou Institute of Natural Resources Survey and Planning,Guiyang 550001,China;Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources,Guiyang 550001,China;School of Transportation&Civil Engineering,Nantong University,Nantong 226019,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省自然资源勘测规划研究院,贵阳550001 [2]贵州省山地资源研究所,贵阳550001 [3]南通大学交通与土木工程学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2023年第9期25-30,63,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42001239)。

摘　　要：基于贵州省2000年、2010年、2020年3期土地利用数据,采用土地利用转移矩阵、动态度、生态环境质量指数和土地利用转型生态贡献率对贵州省土地利用格局、转型及生态效应进行分析。结果表明,2000—2020年,贵州省土地利用结构以林地、耕地和草地为主,土地利用转型频繁;贵州省生态环境质量总体上保持稳定,呈略微的起伏,空间上呈明显的集聚态势,表现为西北低、东南高;贵州省生态环境质量指数整体呈下降趋势,导致其下降的主导因素是林地转型为草地、耕地,草地转型为耕地以及耕地转型为建设用地。针对耕地、林地、草地减少,生态环境质量下降等问题,未来要对贵州省土地利用进行更合理的规划,实行更为严格的生态环境保护制度。Based on the land use data of Guizhou Province in 2000,2010,and 2020,the land use transfer matrix,dynamic degree,ecological environment quality index and ecological contribution rate of land use transformation were used to explore the land use pattern,transformation,and ecological effect in Guizhou Province.The results showed that,from 2000 to 2020,the land use structure in Guizhou Province was mainly composed of forest land,cultivated land and grassland,and land use transformation was frequent.The overall ecological environment quality in Guizhou Province remained stable,showing slight fluctuations.There was a clear agglomeration trend in space,manifesting as low in the northwest and high in the southeast.The overall ecological environment quality index in Guizhou Province showed a downward trend,and the main factors leading to its decline were the transformation of forest land into grassland and cultivated land,grassland into cultivated land,and cultivated land into construction land.In response to issues such as the reduction of cultivated land,forest land and grassland,as well as the decline in ecological environment quality,more reasonable planning for land use in Guizhou Province would be carried out in the future,and stricter ecological environment protection systems would be implemented.

关 键 词：土地利用变化 生态环境质量指数 生态效应 贵州省 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济] X820.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]