敦煌莫高窟第285窟北壁供养人形象考辨  

The Donor Figures on the North Wall Paintings of Mogao Cave 285 at Dunhuang

作　　者：齐然 姚志薇 牟锐 QI Ran;YAO Zhiwei;MOU Rui(Archives of Dunhuang Academy,Dunhuang,Gansu 736200;Editorial Department of Dunhuang Academy,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000;Grotto Monitoring Center of Dunhuang Academy,Dunhuang,Gansu 736200)

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院档案馆,甘肃敦煌736200 [2]敦煌研究院编辑部,甘肃兰州730000 [3]敦煌研究院石窟监测中心,甘肃敦煌736200

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2023年第9期100-107,共8页Journal of Shaoxing University

基　　金：甘肃省文物保护科学和技术研究课题“敦煌石窟档案知识库构建研究”(GSWW202201)。

摘　　要：莫高窟第285窟是西魏时期开凿的大窟,此窟壁画题材风格多样,艺术水准极高。此窟供养人形象是反映北朝服饰特征和民族关系的珍贵资料,其中北壁世俗供养人,从其袴褶装和姓氏分析,应为鲜卑化的汉族武官。此窟集中出现较多的武人、神将形象和战争题材壁画,反映了北魏末期武人阶层的崛起,推测应是西魏时敦煌统治者元荣率领瓜州武官营建,属于巩固边防军事的地方治理策略。Cave 285 of the Mogao Grottoes is a large cave excavated in the Western Wei dynasty,its murals having a variety of themes and styles and high artistic standards.The donor figures of the cave is a valuable material reflecting the clothing characteristics and ethnic relations of the Northern dynasty.Among them,the patron on the northern wall,analyzed from his Hakama pleated robe and his surname,is supposed to be a Xianbeised Han military official.This cave has a large number of images of warlords,divine generals and war themes,embodying the rise of the military class at the end of the Northern Wei dynasty.This cave is inferred to have been built by Guazhou military officials led by Yuan Rong,the ruler of Dunhuang in the Western Wei dynasty,out of the local governance strategy for consolidating the border military defense.

关 键 词：敦煌石窟 莫高窟第285窟 供养人像 武人 

分 类 号：K879.21[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]