二维与三维机织复合材料面内力学性能对比  

Comparison of in-plane mechanical properties of 2D and 3D woven composites

作　　者：孙洋 黄建 韩晨晨 赵振强 周海丽 孙方方 李超 张超[2] 张立泉 SUN Yang;HUANG Jian;HAN Chenchen;ZHAO Zhenqiang;ZHOU Haili;SUN Fangfang;LI Chao;ZHANG Chao;ZHANG Liquan(Nanjing Fiberglass Research and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210000,China;School of Civil Aviation,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司,南京210000 [2]西北工业大学民航学院,西安710072

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第18期303-314,共12页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017-VII-0011-0106);江苏省基础研究计划(自然科学基金)(BK20220165,BK20190146)。

摘　　要：设计并制备了结构形式和工艺参数相同的二维机织层合和三维机织复合材料,利用数字图像同步测试技术(DIC)系统地开展了经、纬向拉伸、压缩试验和面内剪切试验。结合试样表面应变场的演化过程和断裂形貌分析,对比研究了二维机织层合复合材料和三维机织复合材料的承载机制、力学性能和失效机制的差异。结果表明,经纱在层间的交织联锁对机织复合材料的宏观力学行为和承载机制有重要影响,三维机织复合材料牺牲了经向拉伸和压缩性能,得到了更好的结构整体性和更高的纬向性能。此外,三维机织复合材料的经向拉伸应力-应变曲线具有明显的非线性特征。同时,经纱对纬纱的强约束导致了纤维束/基体界面上的弱粘接,降低了三维机织复合材料抵抗剪切变形的能力。2D and 3D woven composites with the same structure form and weaving process parameters were de⁃signed and prepared.Tensile,compressive and in-plane shear tests were systematically carried out by the digital im⁃age correlation method.The mechanical properties,carrying and failure mechanism of 2D and 3D woven composites were studied in combination with the evolution of surface strain field and fracture morphology.It is shown that the inter⁃locking of warp yarns between layers significantly influences the macroscopic mechanical behavior and carrying mechanism of woven composites.3D woven composite exhibits better structural integrity and weft mechanical proper⁃ties at the expense of decrease in warp mechanical performance.Furthermore,the warp tensile strain-stress curves of 3D woven composites have a typical characteristic of nonlinearity.The constraint between warp yarn and weft yarn leads to the weak interface between fiber and matrix,which reduces the in-plane shear capacity of 3D woven composite.

关 键 词：二维机织层合复合材料 三维机织复合材料 力学性能 失效机制 层层交联互锁结构 

分 类 号：V258[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]