不同培养基质黑木耳品质及稳定同位素特征差异分析  

Analyses on the difference of quality and stable isotope characteristics of Auricularia heimuer in different culture media

作　　者：马延莉 宋婷婷[2] 范丽军[2] 李春霖 张永志[3] 聂晶 袁玉伟 MA Yanli;SONG Tingting;FAN Lijun;LI Chunlin;ZHANG Yongzhi;NIE Jing;YUAN Yuwei(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xi’ning 810016,Qinghai,China;Institute of Horticulture,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,Zhejiang,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Information Traceability,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Agricultural Products Quality Safety and Nutrition,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [2]浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所,浙江杭州310021 [3]浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,农业农村部农产品信息溯源重点实验室,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《菌物学报》2023年第9期1942-1952,共11页Mycosystema

基　　金：浙江省农业科学院农产品溯源学科建设专项基金(2022);浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划(2021XTTGSYJ02-2)。

摘　　要：黑木耳Auricularia heimuer凭借较高的营养价值,作为特色农产品在我国广泛种植。采用不同基质(杂木屑、甘蔗渣和棉籽壳)栽培黑木耳,研究黑木耳产品营养成分、质构特性以及稳定同位素之间的特征差异。利用国家标准、质地多面分析技术、稳定同位素技术对其营养成分、质构特性和稳定同位素进行特征差异分析和比较。结果表明,以棉籽壳为主要栽培基质的黑木耳的氨基酸、灰分含量最高,以甘蔗渣为主要栽培基质的黑木耳蛋白质、粗多糖、总糖含量最高,以杂木屑为主要栽培基质的黑木耳粗纤维含量最高,差异显著(P<0.05)。黑木耳的硬度、胶着性、咀嚼性以甘蔗渣为主要栽培基质的黑木耳最优。不同培养基质黑木耳样品的稳定同位素比率差异显著,其中甘蔗渣基质栽培黑木耳中δ^(13)C、δ^(15)N、δ^(2)H和δ^(18)O最高,棉籽壳基质栽培黑木耳中δ^(34)S最高。不同培养基质栽培的黑木耳营养及质构特性具有一定相关性。本研究试图阐明不同栽培基质的黑木耳子实体的稳定同位素、营养及品质的差异,可为黑木耳地域和品质鉴别提供有利的数据支持。Auricularia heimuer is widely cultivated in China as a characteristic agricultural product because of its high nutritional value.A.heimuer was cultivated with different substrates(sawdust,bagasse,and cottonseed hull),and the characteristics of nutritional components,texture characteristics and stable isotopes of A.heimuer products were analyzed and compared by using national standards,texture analysis techniques and stable isotope techniques.The results showed that the content of amino acid and ash in A.heimuer cultivated with cottonseed hull was the highest,the content of protein,crude polysaccharide and total sugar in A.heimuer cultivated with bagasse was the highest,and the content of crude fiber in A.heimuer cultivated with sawdust was the highest,showing significant difference(P<0.05).The hardness,adhesiveness and chewiness of A.heimuer using bagasse as the main cultivation substrate are the best.The stable isotope ratios of A.heimuer in different culture substrates are significantly different,among whichδ^(13)C,δ^(15)N,δ^(2) H andδ^(18)O are the highest in A.heimuer cultivated with bagasse substrate,andδ^(34)S is the highest in A.heimuer cultivated with cottonseed hull substrate.The nutrition and texture characteristics of A.heimuer cultivated in different culture media have certain correlation.This study provide favorable data in support of regional and qualitative identification of A.heimuer.

关 键 词：黑木耳 培养基质 稳定同位素 品质 特征 

分 类 号：S646.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]