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作 者:姜秉曦 JIANG Binxi
机构地区:[1]南京大学法学院
出 处:《中德法学论坛》2022年第2期63-82,共20页
摘 要:个人主体地位的规范建构是现代法治国家建设的应有之义。在德国公法学中,个人主体地位以“国家自我拘束”的内在逻辑为基础,以独立的法律人格为要义,以个人主观公权利为载体,在公权构成三要素的阶梯式递进中逐步确立了自身的建构路径,并从国家与个人关系的维度推动了法治国家的体系化建设。从个人主体地位的视角切入,德国法治国家建设经历了从莫尔式法治国家到基本法式法治国家的演变,呈现出主观化的发展趋势。这一趋势所代表的个人主体地位的建构方向对我国的社会主义法治国家建设有着重要的借鉴意义,但须避免其中潜在的“国家虚构化”风险。为此,应将公民基本义务确立为法治国家建设的主观化边界。The normative construction of individual subjective status is the due meaning of the construction of the modern rule-of-law state.In German public law,the individual subjective status is based on the inherent logic of“state selfrestraint”in the rule-of-law state,with independent legal personality as the normative core and individual subjective public rights as the normative carrier,and it gradually established the approach of its own construction in the stepwise progression of the three elements of public right,and promoted the systematic construction of the rule-of-law state from the dimension of the relationship between the state and the individual.From the perspective of individual subjective status,the construction of the rule-of-law state of German has undergone a development from“Rule-of-Law State of Mohr Style”to“Rule-of-Law State of Basic Law Style”,showing a subjective development trend.The direction of the normative construction of individual subjective status represented by this trend has important reference significance for the construction of the socialist rule-of-law state of China,but the potential risk of“state fiction”must be avoided.For this reason,it is necessary to establish the fundamental obligations of citizens as the subjective boundary of the construction of the rule-of-law state.
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