基于近自然化和海绵城市理念下的城市河道生态修复  

Research on the Urban River Restoration under the Cross Concept of Near-naturalized and Sponge City

作　　者：欧阳小平 OUYANG Xiao-ping(China Gezhouba Group Municipal Engineering Co.,Ltd.Yichang 443002,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国葛洲坝集团市政工程有限公司,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2023年第10期15-22,共8页China Rural Water and Hydropower

摘　　要：随着我国工业化和城镇化快速发展,未经处理的生活污水、工业污水以及雨季地表径流中污染物排入河道水系,导致城市水体污染加重。由于城市污染水体来源和环境条件等因素复杂多变,当前河道修复思路仅仅注重水体水质快速恢复,没有从河流水体生态系统受损恢复角度去考虑,导致水体自我净化能力较差、生态系统不稳定,水体水质难以维持与持续改善,生物多样性水平较低。文章系统阐述了近自然化修复和城市海绵城市的理念发展历程和内在科学性,分析了其在城市河流生态修复过程中的应用效果和优势。由于二者特点与属性都与河道生态修复存在共性,其理念及其应用措施可作为未来城市河道生态修复发展方向。结合在安徽省阜阳市所做城市河道修复工程和效果,对工程实施过程中的近自然化和海绵城市理念进行了提炼。最后,基于国内外先进城市环境修复和管理经验,总结了近自然化和海绵城市理念下的城市河道修复原则、主要措施和未来发展方向,可为保障未来城市水生态系统的良性循环与可持续发展提供研究基础和理论参考。With the development of industrialization and urbanization,untreated domestic sewage,industrial sewage and pollutants of surface runoff in the rainy season are discharged into the river system,leading to the serious urban water pollution.Due to the complexity and variability of the sources of urban polluted water bodies and environmental conditions,the current river restoration focuses on the rapid recovery of water quality,but does not fundamentally clarify the source of pollution,and does not consider the restoration of river water ecosystem damage.It leads to the fact that urban river is characterized with poor ability of self-purification and imperfect biodiversity,meanwhile,it is difficult to maintain and continuously improve water quality.This paper systematically illustrates the development process and inherent science of the concept of near naturalization restoration and urban sponge city.Both of them have separate characteristics,the concept and measures of which have commonality with the urban river restoration.The ecological restoration under the guidance of near-naturalization concept is beneficial to restore the hydrological continuity of river channels,to reshape the meandering and winding landscape of rivers,to increase the biodiversity index,making full use of their original ecological functions and values.Whereas,the concept of sponge city can effectively reduce surface runoff,purify,accumulate,utilize rainwater and alleviate the discharge of pollutants into river or water bodies.They also contribute to the mitigation of flooding risk and improvement of river dredging and drainage functions.In addition,this paper summarizes the near-naturalized and sponge city part from the project carried out in Fuyang City,Anhui Province.Through the combination technology of“source control,pollution interception,dredging,water diversion and management”,ecological restoration makes the near naturalization and sponge city integrated,which also emphasizes the construction of food chain system and greening mana

关 键 词：近自然化 海绵城市 城市河道修复 自净能力 生物多样性 

分 类 号：TV8[水利工程—水利水电工程]