灰枣矿质元素与主要果实品质的关联性分析  

Correlation analysis of mineral elements of Hui jujube and main fruit quality

作　　者：张虎国 万胜 于婷[1,2] 王利娜 赵文 刘晓宁 李建贵 ZHANG Huguo;WAN Sheng;YU Ting;WAN Lina;ZHAO Wen;LIU Xiaoning;LI Jiangui(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Jujube Engineering Technology Research Center,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,Xinjiang,China;Henan Zhumadian Agricultural School,Zhumadian 463000,Henan,China;Kashi Xinxin Fruit Industry Limited Company,Kashi 844000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆红枣工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆大学,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [4]河南省驻马店农业学校,河南驻马店463000 [5]喀什新鑫果业有限公司,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第3期106-114,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2020A02002-1);中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZYYD2022B15);新疆红枣产业技术体系建设专项(XJCYTX-01-03-2021)。

摘　　要：[目的]为灰枣的品质改良和果树的科学施肥等提供参考。[方法]对新疆9个灰枣主要产区内的20个枣园的果实进行了矿质元素含量和果实品质指标测定,应用偏最小二乘回归分析方法中的变量投影重要性,筛选对果实品质指标有影响的矿质元素,并构建回归方程,对优质灰枣果实中的矿质元素进行定量分析。[结果]枣果中氮和钾元素的含量对果实品质的影响最大,其次是磷、硼、铁、硫元素含量;果实可溶糖含量受到氮、磷、钾、钙元素含量的影响,且与氮元素含量呈现显著的正效应关系,与钾元素含量呈现负的效应关系;可滴定酸含量主要受钙、硼、氮、铁元素含量影响,与氮含量、钙含量、铁含量有正效应系数,与硼含量有负效应系数;蛋白质含量主要受硫、氮、磷元素含量影响,且均为正效应系数;维生素C含量主要受氮、铜、硫、锌元素含量影响,与氮含量、硫含量、铜含量有正效应系数,与锌含量有负效应系数;糖酸比主要受硼、钙、铁、氮元素含量影响,与硼含量有正效应系数,与氮含量有最大的负效应系数。[结论]当氮含量为4.8~7.1 g/kg、磷含量为1 018 mg/kg、钾含量为4 118.25 mg/kg、钙含量为359.05 mg/kg、镁含量为306.25 mg/kg、硫含量为201.9 mg/kg、硼含量为14.39 mg/kg、铁含量为10.41 mg/kg、锰含量为3.49 mg/kg、锌含量为3.35 mg/kg和铜含量为2.5 mg/kg时,果实各品质指标最优,即果实中的可溶性糖含量为91.38%,可滴定酸含量为0.22%,蛋白质含量为20.06 mg/g,维生素C含量为1.58 mg/g,糖酸比为404.77。【Objective】It provides a reference for the quality improvement of Hui jujube and the scientific fertilization of fruit trees.【Method】The contents of mineral elements and fruit quality indexes of 20 jujube orchards in 9 main producing areas of Hui jujube in Xinjiang were determined.The importance of variable projection in partial least squares regression analysis method was used to screen the mineral elements affecting fruit quality indexes,and the regression equation was constructed to quantitatively analyze the mineral elements in high-quality Hui jujube fruits.【Result】The content of nitrogen and potassium in jujube fruit had the greatest influence on fruit quality,followed by the content of phosphorus,boron,iron and sulfur.The content of soluble sugar in fruit was affected by the content of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and calcium,and showed a significant positive effect relationship with the content of nitrogen,but a negative effect relationship with the content of potassium.The content of titratable acid was mainly affected by the content of calcium,boron,nitrogen and iron.It had a positive effect coefficient with nitrogen content,calcium content and iron content,and a negative effect coefficient with boron content.The protein content was mainly affected by the content of sulfur,nitrogen and phosphorus,and all of them were positive effect coefficients.The content of vitamin C was mainly affected by the content of nitrogen,copper,sulfur and zinc.It had a positive effect coefficient with nitrogen content,sulfur content and copper content,and a negative effect coefficient with zinc content.The ratio of sugar to acid was mainly affected by the content of boron,calcium,iron and nitrogen.It had a positive effect coefficient with boron content and a maximum negative effect coefficient with nitrogen content.【Conclusion】When the nitrogen content was 0.048-0.071 g/kg,phosphorus content was 1018 mg/kg,potassium content was 4118.25 mg/kg,calcium content was 359.05 mg/kg,magnesium content was 306.25 mg/kg

关 键 词：果实品质 果实矿质元素 灰枣 偏最小二乘回归 优化方案 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]