不同品种桑树枝条在低温胁迫下的生理生化响应  

Physiological and biochemical responses of branches of different varieties of mulberry under low temperature stress

作　　者：杨凝薇 王丽[1] 文海朝 刘炳响[1] 李红姣[1] YANG Ningwei;WANG Li;WEN Haichao;LIU Bingxiang;LI Hongjiao(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第3期136-149,共14页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2019204257);河北省高等学校科学技术研究青年基金项目(QN2019052);保定市揭榜挂帅项目(2022创332);保定市科技计划项目(2211G014)。

摘　　要：[目的]了解河北省保定地区不同桑树品种的抗寒特性,为选育桑树品种以及提高其经济效益与促进其产业发展提供参考。[方法]以河北省保定地区的27个桑树品种的1年生枝条为试验材料,分别在0、-5、-10、-15、-20、-25、-30℃的目标低温下处理12 h,之后对其生理生化指标进行测定,计算半致死温度,并利用隶属函数法对不同品种桑树的抗寒能力进行综合评价。[结果]在低温胁迫下,随着温度的降低,桑树枝条的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性与可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸的含量,总体呈现先升高、后降低的趋势;可溶性糖与丙二醛(MDA)含量随着温度降低总体呈现先上升、后下降、再上升的趋势。抗氧化酶的活性在-15℃或者-20℃时最高,渗透调节物质在-20℃或-30℃时含量最高。相对电导率随着温度的降低呈现一直升高的趋势,各品种桑树枝条的半致死温度为-22.456~-14.071℃,其中抗寒性强的品种‘大马牙’‘中桑5801’等的相对电导率和半致死温度较低。各品种桑树的抗寒能力由强到弱依次为‘大马牙’‘绿葚子一’‘中桑5801’‘农桑14’‘荷兰桑’‘甜桑202’‘日本果桑’‘铁叶黄鲁’‘大碗桑’‘红玛瑙’‘苏白葚’‘大10’‘大白鹅’‘江米果桑’‘深县黄鲁’‘绿葚子’‘天全10号’‘冀桂花’‘红果1号’‘831A’‘红果4号’‘白葚2号’‘黑桑葚’‘句葚’‘白葚桑’‘黑珍珠’‘小白鹅’。[结论]不同桑树品种在低温胁迫下的响应有所不同,抗寒性强的品种可以通过提高抗氧化酶活性来维持细胞内的代谢平衡,渗透调节物质含量在处理后期也保持较高的水平,降低了由膜透性增强造成的损害。‘大马牙’‘绿葚子一’‘中桑5801’等品种的抗寒性较强,可以在河北保定地区进行推广栽植。【Objective】The study aims to gain insights into the cold resistance characteristics of different mulberry varieties in Baoding,Hebei province,and provide a reference for the breeding of mulberry tree varieties,as well as enhancing their economic efficiency and promoting their industrial development.【Method】The annual branches of 27 different varieties of mulberry trees from the Baoding city area in Hebei province were used as test materials and treated at the target low temperatures of 0,-5,-10,-15,-20,-25 and-30°C for 12 h.Their physiological and biochemical indexes were measured,and semi-lethal temperature was calculated.The cold resistance of different varieties of mulberry trees was comprehensively evaluated by using the fuzzy affiliation function method.【Result】Under low temperature stress,the SOD and POD and CAT activity and the contents of soluble protein and free proline in branches of mulberry showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the change of temperature.The contents of soluble sugar and malondialdehyde(MDA)increased firstly,then decreased and then increased with the decrease of temperature.The activity of antioxidant enzymes was highest at-15℃or-20℃.The content of osmotic regulating substance was the highest at-20℃or-30℃.The relative conductivity showed a trend of increasing with the decreased temperature.The semi-lethal temperature of each variety of mulberry ranged from-14.071℃to-22.456℃.Among them,the varieties‘Da ma ya’and‘Zhong Sang 5801’with strong cold resistance had low relative conductivity and semi-lethal temperature.The cold resistance of different varieties of mulberry trees was obtained from strong to weak as‘Da ma ya’‘Lv shen zi 1’‘Zhong sang 5801’‘Nong sang 14’‘He lan sang’‘Tian sang 202’‘Ri ben guo sang’‘Tie ye huang lu’‘Da wan sang’‘Hong ma nao’‘Su bai shen’‘Da 10’‘Da bai e’‘Jiang mi guo sang’‘Shen xian huang lu’‘Lv shen zi’‘Tian quan 10’‘Ji gui hua’‘Hong gu

关 键 词：桑树枝条 低温胁迫 生理生化 隶属函数法 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学]