宪法视域下行政违法性与刑事违法性的区分——以比例原则为中心  

Differentiation between administrative illegality and criminal illegality from the perspective of the constitution centered on the principle of proportionality

作　　者：马天 马容 MA Tian;MA Rong(Qinghai Minzu University,Xining,810007,China)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学,西宁810007

出　　处：《闽西职业技术学院学报》2023年第3期27-30,共4页Journal of Minxi Vocational and Technical College

基　　金：青海省法学研究所2023年度科研基金资助项目“行政违法性与刑事违法性的区分(课题编号:QHF2023-001)”。

摘　　要：行政违法性和刑事违法性的区分涉及到对公民基本权利的不同程度干预,因此将行政违法性作为评价刑事违法性的前置要件则势必会对刑法理论造成一定的冲击。故法规范学通过对两者关系进行解释进而迸发出不同的学说和理论来应对行刑交叉领域的矛盾性问题。与之不同的是,法政策学通常将目光集中到立法者对某一社会事实评价为行政违法或刑事违法的过程中所应施加的控制,并通过宪法上的价值秩序和原则对刑事立法的形成自由进行控制和拘束,从而在法制定环节中减少相关争议来强化法的明确性。因此,中国在刑法规范的合宪性审查中,应当以比例原则为中心,通过区分行为条款和制裁条款,进而有效完成对行政违法和刑事违法之区分。The distinction between administrative illegality and criminal illegality involves varying degrees of intervention in citizens' basic rights.Hence,using administrative illegality as a prerequisite for evaluating criminal illegality will inevitably have a certain impact on criminal law theory.Therefore,the study of legal norms breaks out different theories and theories by explaining the relationship between the two to address the contradictory issues in the cross disciplinary field of execution.Unlike this,legal and political policy studies typically focus on the control that legislators should exert in the process of evaluating a social fact as administrative or criminal violations,and control and constrain the freedom of criminal legislation through constitutional values and principles,thereby reducing relevant disputes in the legal process and strengthening the clarity of the law.Therefore,in the constitutional review of criminal law norms in China,the principle of proportionality should be taken as the center,and the distinction between administrative and criminal violations should be effectively completed by distinguishing between action clauses and sanction clauses.

关 键 词：行政违法 刑事违法 比例原则 

分 类 号：DF2[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]