就业脆弱性对外卖骑手健康状况的影响:基于PDR模型的实证研究  

The Impact of Employment Vulnerability on the Health Status of Takeaway Riders:An Empirical Study Based on PDR Model

作　　者：朱文娟[1] 谭江明 任璇 Zhu Wenjuan;Tan Jiangming;Ren Xuan(School Of Business,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou Hunan 412000)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学商学院,湖南株洲412000

出　　处：《长治学院学报》2023年第4期40-47,共8页Journal of Changzhi University

基　　金：湖南省教育厅一般项目“高质量发展背景下社会保险与企业创新的动态适配与良性互动研究”(22C0313)。

摘　　要：随着平台经济的持续发展,外卖骑手作为新业态良性运行的重要一环,将在城市生活中发挥着越来越重要的作用,骑手们的身心健康和职业保障等问题亟待关注。文章将就业脆弱性分为经济报酬压力、工作环境混乱和监管失灵三个维度,研究外卖骑手就业脆弱性对其生理和心理健康的影响机制。通过回归分析发现:经济报酬压力和监管失灵是影响外卖骑手心理健康的重要负面因素,骑手长时间超负荷工作、收入波动大、工作不稳定以及不明晰的用工关系都容易危害骑手的心理健康;低门槛就业、缺乏有效的职业培训和职业保障,进而增大骑手工作过程中的安全风险,是骑手生理健康受工作环境混乱负向影响的主要原因。As the platform economy continues to rise,takeaway riders,as an important part of the healthy operation of the new industry,play an increasingly important role in urban life,and thus the physical and mental health of riders and job security and other issues need urgent attention.This paper divides the employment vulnerability into three dimensions:economic pressure,work environment chaos and supervision failure,and studies the impact mechanism of takeaway riders' employment vulnerability on their physical and mental health.Through the analysis of regression results,it is found that the pressure of economic remuneration and the failure of supervision are important negative factors affecting the mental health of takeaway riders.The riders are overworked for a long time,and the income fluctuation is large.The unstable work and the unclear employment relationship are easy to harm the riders' mental health.The negative impact of the chaotic working environment on the physical health of riders is mainly due to the low threshold of riders and the lack of effective systematic vocational training and occupational safety assurance,which increases the safety risk of riders in the work process.

关 键 词：就业脆弱性 外卖骑手 健康 PDR模型 

分 类 号：F247[经济管理—劳动经济] C913.2[经济管理—国民经济]