地下矿山巷道掘进凿岩爆破技术参数优化研究进展与展望  

Research progress and prospect of parameters optimization of rock drilling and blasting technical in underground mine roadway excavation

作　　者：陈程 李全明 CHEN Cheng;LI Quanming(School of Civil Engineering,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]北方工业大学土木工程学院,北京100144

出　　处：《中国矿业》2023年第10期103-110,共8页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：十四五国家重点研发计划资助(编号:2021YFC3001300);国家自然科学基金项目资助(编号:52304202)。

摘　　要：地下矿山巷道掘进爆破技术是矿山建设和生产的关键环节,其参数的选择和优化对提高巷道掘进效率和降低成本具有重要意义。本文通过对已有文献的总结,梳理了巷道掘进凿岩爆破机理研究进展,涵盖了爆炸应力波传播机制和岩石动态破坏机制两个核心内容,需要进一步完善研究方法、拓展数据来源,并加强与实际应用的衔接;介绍了爆破参数优化的三个主要方面:炮孔装药结构优化、掏槽参数优化、起爆网络优化的研究现状,现有研究尚未给出针对不同条件下爆破参数选择和优化的具体标准,在实际应用中存在一定的难度。此外,本文还展望了未来的研究方向:爆炸释能和岩体破碎耗能耦合作用基础理论的突破,将为巷道掘进爆破的参数优化提供更准确的理论指导;巷道掘进爆破全过程智能化技术的应用将是未来的趋势,可以实现对爆破过程的精确控制和优化;爆破参数的多指标智能优化模型的建立是提高爆破效果的关键,综合考虑多个因素可以实现全面的参数优化,进而得到更好的爆破效果。The blasting technology of underground mine roadway excavation is an important part of mine construction and production.The selection and optimization of its parameters are of great significance to improve the efficiency of roadway excavation and reduce the cost.Based on a comprehensive review the existing literature,this paper combs the research on rock drilling and blasting mechanism in roadway excavation,including the two core contents of the propagation mechanism of blasting stress wave and the dynamic failure mechanism of rock.It is necessary to improve the research methods,expand the data sources,and strengthen the connection with practical applications.The research status of blast hole charge structure optimization,cutting parameter optimization and initiation network optimization in three main aspects of blasting parameter optimization is introduced.The specific criteria for the selection and optimization of blasting parameters under different conditions are not provided,which may pose certain difficulties in practical applications.Additionally,this paper also prospects the future research directions.The breakthrough of the basic theory of the coupling effect of blast energy release and rock crushing energy consumption will provide more accurate theoretical guidance for the parameter optimization of roadway excavation blasting.The application of intelligent technology throughout the entire process of roadway blasting excavation will be the future trend,which can realize the precise control and optimization of the blasting process.The establishment of multi-index intelligent optimization model of blasting parameters is crucial for improving the blasting efficiency.Taking multiple factors into consideration can achieve comprehensive parameter optimization and better blasting results.

关 键 词：地下矿山 巷道掘进 爆破参数优化 爆破机理 智能优化模型 智能爆破 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]