厚松散层覆盖下逆冲断层倾角变化与采动活化响应模拟研究  

Simulation of thrust fault dip variation and mining activation response under thick loose layer

作　　者：张梦丽 詹润 ZHANG Mengli;ZHAN Run(College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Exploration Research Institute,Anhui Provincial Bureau of Coal Geology,Hefei 230088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [2]安徽省煤田地质局勘查研究院,安徽合肥230088

出　　处：《中国矿业》2023年第10期173-180,共8页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：安徽省自然资源科技项目资助(编号:2021-k-8);安徽省公益性地质工作项目资助(编号:2022-g-1-11);安徽省博士后科研活动项目资助(编号:2020B417);安徽省科技厅横向课题备案项目资助(编号:20230628KTRD2011)。

摘　　要：断层存在下的煤矿开采容易引起煤矿覆岩破坏和地表沉陷等一系列问题,前人对厚松散层下逆断层倾角变化引起的应力变化与采动活化规律认识还较为有限。基于FLAC^(3D)数值模拟软件,以淮南煤田口孜东矿F1逆断层为研究对象,通过建立三维数值模型,系统研究了不同倾角逆断层下盘煤层逐步开采时,各断层带上应力的变化特征和断层滑移现象。研究结果表明,有断层一侧地表水平变形的峰值要小于没有断层的一侧,且其地表斜坡更加平缓。断层滑移变形与断层带上切向应力与法向应力的比值有关,断层倾角越小,断层越易发生滑移,断层倾角越大,断层滑移现象相对较弱,断层上部比断层下部更易活化滑移。在工作面向断层带推进时,断层活化过程可以分为初始平衡期、剪切滑移期、活化破坏期三个阶段。本文研究可为厚松散层覆盖区逆断层影响下的煤矿安全开采和防治提供重要依据。Coal mining under faults is prone to bring a series of problems,such as coal mine overburden damage and surface subsidence.The predecessors have limited understanding of the stress change and mining activation law caused by the change of reverse fault dip angle under thick loose beds.This paper systematically studies the characteristics of stress changes and fault slip on each fault zone when the footwall coal seams of reverse faults with different dip angles are gradually mined,taking F1reverse fault of Kouzidong Mine in Huainan Coalfield as an example,building a three-dimensional numerical model,based on FLAC^(3D) numerical simulation software.The results show that the peak value of surface horizontal deformation on the side with fault is smaller than that on the side without fault,and the surface slope is more gentle.The slip deformation of the fault is related to the ratio of tangential stress and normal stress on the fault zone.The smaller the fault dip is,the more likely the fault is to slip.The larger the fault dip is,the weaker the slip phenomenon of the fault is.The upper part of the fault is easier to activate slip than the lower part of the fault.The process of fault activation can be divided into three stages:initial equilibrium period,shear slip period and activation failure period.The research can provide an important basis for the safety mining and prevention of coal mine under the influence of reverse fault in the area covered by thick loose layer.

关 键 词：逆断层 地表沉陷 滑移变形 FLAC^(3D)软件 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD163[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]