巴拉素井田富水煤层顶底板矿物岩石特征研究  

Study on mineral and rock characteristics of roof and floor of water-rich coal seam in Balasu Mine Field

作　　者：方刚 FANG Gang(Xi’an Research Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp.,Xi’an 710054,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Preventing and Controlling Technology for Coal Mine Water Hazard,Xi’an 710077,China;College of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司,陕西西安710054 [2]陕西省煤矿水害防治技术重点实验室,陕西西安710077 [3]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国矿业》2023年第10期181-188,共8页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目资助(编号:42307113);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目资助(编号:2023-JC-QN-0291)。

摘　　要：陕北侏罗纪煤田内的煤层富水问题较为特殊,严重影响着矿井安全生产。针对榆横北区巴拉素煤矿2号富水煤层顶底板围岩的矿物岩石特征开展了X射线衍射、薄片分析、扫描电镜等实验研究。结合对比其他非富水煤层顶底板围岩实验结果,发现了巴拉素煤矿2号富水煤层顶底板围岩矿物岩石特征的特殊性。结果表明:富水煤层的岩性及矿物组分具有异同性。巴拉素煤矿、大海则煤矿的2号煤层顶板直罗组和延安组砂岩以长石砂岩、长石岩屑砂岩及岩屑长石砂岩为主,矿物成分主要为石英、长石、黏土矿物。但从煤层顶底板岩矿赋存情况来看,巴拉素煤矿2号煤层顶板含水岩层内的黏土矿物相对赋存含量较低,相对不易形成堵塞岩层孔隙的胶结体。由黄铁矿赋存状态可分析得出在原始沉积环境中,巴拉素井田范围的地下水流动性及富水性较好。同时,从矿物接触特征分析发现,延安组砂岩较直罗组而言,富水性相对较差,且煤层底板岩层有压实的痕迹,不利于孔隙水的继续下渗。由此导致的富水性差异较为明显,通过对比相邻大海则井田2号煤层顶底板围岩实验结果,巴拉素井田2号煤层的围岩可能为充水提供了环境条件和补给能力,并揭示了大海则井田2号煤层非富水的围岩环境特征。该研究思路、方法及成果可为榆横北区内富水煤层形成机理和展布规律研究提供基础依据和理论参考。The water-rich problem of coal seam in Jurassic Coal Field in Northern Shaanxi Province is very special,which seriously affects the safety of mine production.The X-ray diffraction,thin section analysis,scanning electron microscopy and other experimental studies are carried out on the mineral and rock characteristics of the roof and floor surrounding rock of No.2 water-rich coal seam in Balasu Coal Mine,Yuheng Mining Area(northern).Combining with the experimental results of other non-water-rich coal seams,the particularity of rock characteristics of rock minerals in the top and floor surrounding rocks of No.2 water-rich coal seam in Balasu Coal Mine is found.The results show that the lithology and mineral composition of water-rich coal seams are similarities and differences.The sandstones of Zhiluo Formation and Yan 'an Formation in the roof of No.2 coal seam of Balasu Coal Mine and Dahaize Coal Mine are mainly feldspar sandstone,feldspar lithic sandstone and lithic feldspar sandstone,and their mineral compositions are mainly quartz,feldspar and clay minerals.However,from the perspective of the occurrence of rock deposits in the top and bottom of coal seam,the relative occurrence content of clay minerals in the water-bearing strata of No.2 coal roof of Balasu Coal Mine is relatively low,so it is relatively difficult to form cemented bodies that plug the pores of rock strata.According to the occurrence state of pyrite,it can be concluded that the groundwater fluidity and water richness of Balasu Mine Field are better in the original sedimentary environment.Meanwhile,from the analysis of mineral contact characteristics,it is found that compared with Zhiluo Formation,Yan'an Formation sandstone has relatively poor water richness.Moreover,there are traces of compaction in the floor strata of coal seam,which is not conducive to the further infiltration of pore water.The resulting difference in water richness is obvious.By comparing the test results of surrounding rock of the No.2coal seam in the adjacent Dahaize Mine Fi

关 键 词：巴拉素井田 富水煤层 围岩特征 矿物组分 接触关系 

分 类 号：TD163[矿业工程—矿山地质测量] P57[天文地球—矿物学]