通过与苯乙烯共聚改善含硅芳炔树脂及其复合材料性能  

Modification of silicon-containing arylacetylene resin and its composite properties by copolymerization with styrene

作　　者：杨娜[1] 苏韬 黄锴荻 王文俊[1] YANG Na;SU Tao;HUANG Kaidi;WANG Wenjun(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Jinan Institute of Special Structures,Aviation Industry Corporation of China,Jinan 250023,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100081 [2]中国航空工业集团济南特种结构研究所,济南250023

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2023年第9期5002-5010,共9页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

摘　　要：含硅芳炔树脂(PSA)/石英纤维(QF)复合材料是极具潜力的新型耐高温透波材料,但由于PSA树脂质脆、极性低,加上石英纤维表面光滑,导致两者间界面粘结弱,突出表现为复合材料层间性能(如层间剪切强度)低。本文采用苯乙烯(ST)对含硅芳炔树脂进行改性,通过ST与PSA分子间发生共聚反应,降低体系的交联密度,均匀化其交联网络结构,提高树脂抗压损伤阻抗,最终达到了改善PSA基复合材料层间剪切强度的目的。通过DSC、TG、DMA等手段测试和表征了改性前后PSA树脂及其复合材料的固化反应性能、流变性能、耐热性能、介电性能和力学性能等,结果表明:添加苯乙烯不会影响PSA树脂的固化规律和工艺。随着ST添加量的增加,改性PSA树脂的耐热性有所下降,但其失重5wt%温度Td5均接近500℃,远高于应用要求的350℃。改性后复合材料保持了良好的介电性能,介电常数为3.09,损耗因子tanδ为2×10^(−3);在保持较高弯曲强度的同时,改性后复合材料层间剪切强度得到显著提升。当ST质量比为15%时,QF/PSA-15ST在室温下的层间剪切强度提高了53.0%,350℃下提高了98.3%;350℃下层间剪切强度保留率为78.3%,高于改性前的60.4%。Quartz fiber(QF)reinforced poly(silica-containing arylacetylene)(PSA)composite is a new type of highly promising new wave-transparent materials with highly heat-resistance.However,the brittleness and low molecular polarity of PSA resins,combined with the smooth surface of quartz fibers,results in a weak interfacial adhesion,and low interlaminar shear strength(ILSS)of the composites.In this paper,silicon-containing arylacetylene resin was modified by copolymerizing with styrene(ST).As a consequence,the crosslinking density was decreased,the crosslinking network got homogenized,and the crack resistance of the resin against load was improved.Finally,the ILSS of Quartz fiber reinforced PSA composites was improved.The properties of the resin and composites were characterized with differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA),mechanical property testing,dielectric property testing,rheological property testing.The results showed that the addition of ST didn’t affect the curing process of the resin.With the increase of ST content,the heat resistance of modified PSA resin decreased to some extent,but its mass loss 5wt%temperature T_(d5) was still close to 500℃,which was much higher than the expected application temperature of 350℃.The modified composite also maintained the good dielectric properties with dielectric constant of 3.09 and loss factor tanδof 0.002.The results also showed that the addition of ST significantly improved ILSS.For instance,the ILSS of QF/PSA-15ST increased by 53.0%at room temperature and 98.3%at 350℃.Compared with that at room temperature,the retention rate of interlaminar shear strength at 350℃was 78.3%,which was much higher than that before modification(60.4%).

关 键 词：含硅芳炔树脂 复合材料 苯乙烯 增韧 层间剪切强度(ILSS) 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]