不同后扩链剂对无溶剂型高固含水基聚氨酯的影响  

Effect of different post chain extenders on solvent-free high-solid water-based polyurethane

作　　者：姚艾松 高强[1] 罗海航 向均[1] 范浩军[1] 张哲 高金岗 李超 Yao Aisong;Gao Qiang;Luo Haihang;Xiang Jun;Fan Haojun;Zhang Zhe;Gao Jingang;Li Chao(Laboratory of Leather and Engineering of Ministry of Education,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065;Suzhou Ruigao New Materials Co,Suzhou,215000)

机构地区：[1]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部实验室,成都610065 [2]苏州瑞高新材料科技有限公司,苏州215000

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2023年第9期139-144,150,共7页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2101900);浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2022C01190)。

摘　　要：分别以水、乙二胺(EDA)、异佛尔酮二胺(IPDA)、二乙烯三胺(DETA)、N-β-(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷(KH-602)和聚醚胺(D-230)为后扩链剂,制备一系列无溶剂高固含水基聚氨酯,研究不同后扩链剂对水基聚氨酯的乳液性能(乳液稳定性、粒径大小、乳液黏度)、成膜性能(耐水耐溶剂性、力学性能、热稳定性、玻璃化转变温度)及应用性能(常温耐折牢度、热粘性、耐温性)的影响。结果表明,在较高R值(—NCO/—OH摩尔比)条件下,采用后扩链法可制备无溶剂、高固含水基聚氨酯,其热力学性能满足应用需求。其中,含环状结构的后扩链剂如IPDA可提高聚氨酯力学性能和耐温性;含交联功能的后扩链剂如DETA与KH602可提高聚氨酯耐水耐溶剂性及涂层抗热粘性和耐温性;而含柔性链的后扩链剂如D-230所制备的聚氨酯具有非常低的模量,适合制备非常柔软的聚氨酯。With H_(2)O,ethylenediamine(EDA),isophorone diamine(IPDA),diethylenetriamine(DETA),N-β-(aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane(KH-602)and polyether amine(D-230)as post chain extenders,respectively,a series of solvent-free high-solid water-based polyurethanes were prepared.The effect of different post chain extenders on the emulsion properties(involving emulsion stability,particle size,emulsion viscosity),film properties(including water and solvent resistance,mechanical properties,thermal stability,glass transition temperature)of water-based polyurethane and application properties(such as folding fastness at room temperature,thermal adhesion,heat resistance)were investigated.The results showed that solvent-free and high-solid water-based polyurethane could be prepared by post-chain-extension method at high R value(the molar ratio of—NCO/—OH),and its thermodynamic properties met the application requirements.Among them,the cyclic chain extender such as IPDA could improve the mechanical properties and heat resistance of polyurethane.Post-chain extenders DETA and KH602 with crosslinking function could improve the water,solvent and heat resistance as well as thermal adhesion and heat resistance of foam coating.However,the polyurethane prepared by the chain extender containing with flexible chain,such as D-230,had a very low modulus and was suitable for preparing highly soft polyurethane.

关 键 词：后扩链剂 高固含 无溶剂 水基聚氨酯 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]