汉英词义系统的差异探究——汉语"上"的词义衍生及其与英语"上"语义场的比较分析  

A Probe into the Differences Between Chinese and English word Meaning System:Comparing the Word Meaning Derivation of"shang"in Chinese and the Semantic Field of"Up"in English

作　　者：周智湘[1] ZHOU Zhi-xiang(Changsha Normal University,Changsha 410100,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙师范学院,湖南长沙410100

出　　处：《特立研究》2023年第3期80-83,94,共5页Teli Research

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目"基于义素论和系统论的汉英词义演变规律对比探究"(编号:11WLH05)。

摘　　要：汉语"上"有理据地衍生出了众多义项,它们构成一个微观词义系统。英语没有与汉语"上"基本对应的词,汉语"上"所表达的意义在英语中要由多个词语甚至短语来表达,这体现了汉英语言在语义场这一中观层面上存在系统差异。汉英语言"上"语义场的差异,体现出汉英语言在处理经济性和精确性的矛盾时价值取向方面存在显著差异,这是更为宏观的系统差异。The Chinese character"shang"reasonably derives many meanings,which constitute a micro-semantic system.There is no word corresponding to"shang"in English.This Chinese character has to be expressed by many words or even phrases in English,which reflects the systematic difference between Chinese and English at the mesolevel of semantic field.The difference in the semantic field of""shang"'between Chinese and English reflects their significant differences in value orientation in dealing with the contradiction between economy and accuracy,which is a more macroscopic systematic difference.

关 键 词：词义衍生 语义场 汉英词义系统 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学]