上海市闵行区成人9种疫苗接种率及疫苗犹豫影响因素分析  

Uptake of nine vaccines and influencing factors of vaccine hesitancy among adults in Minhang district,Shanghai

作　　者：严冉 孙晓冬[2] 李智[2] 张莉萍[3] 陈泓泓 吴晓婷 杜艳[3] 金宝芳[3] 梅克雯[3] YAN Ran;SUN Xiaodong;LI Zhi;ZHANG Lipin;CHEN Honghong;WU Xiaoting;DU Yan;JIN Baofang;MEI Kewen(Department of Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室,上海200032 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划所,上海200051 [3]上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,上海201101

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2023年第4期278-285,共8页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(2020-02-08-00-03-F01460);上海市闵行区自然科学研究项目(2020MHZ066)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市闵行区成人9种疫苗的接种情况、犹豫程度及影响因素,为人群干预提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,通过方便抽样的方式收集2021年1月10日—3月9日上海市闵行区成人接种乙肝疫苗、水痘减毒活疫苗、流感疫苗、肺炎球菌多糖疫苗、人乳头瘤病毒疫苗、麻风/麻腮风疫苗、甲肝疫苗、戊肝疫苗、狂犬病疫苗情况的问卷。调查内容包括人口学特征、疫苗犹豫以及“3Cs”模型的3个维度[分别是信任(confidence)、自满(complacency)和便利(convenience)]。运用R软件,进行χ^(2)检验分析人口学特征和其对疫苗犹豫的影响。通过多因素logistic回归分析“3Cs”模型各维度与疫苗犹豫之间的关系。结果本研究共完成6433份有效调查问卷,调查对象的平均年龄为(36.84±9.18)岁,男女比例为1∶0.93,9种疫苗接种率分别为乙肝疫苗52.63%(3386/6433)、水痘减毒活疫苗50.57%(3253/6433)、流感疫苗24.93%(1604/6433)、肺炎球菌多糖疫苗18.16%(1168/6433)、人乳头瘤病毒疫苗8.74%(562/6433)、麻风/麻腮风疫苗22.35%(1438/6433)、甲肝疫苗21.16%(1361/6433)、戊肝疫苗8.81%(567/6433)、狂犬病疫苗17.01%(1094/6433);不同性别(χ^(2)=55.77,P<0.01)、年龄(χ^(2)=68.27,P<0.01)、职业(χ^(2)=191.32,P<0.01)、学历(χ^(2)=20.58,P<0.01)的调查对象疫苗犹豫差异有统计学意义;性别(女性:OR=1.63,95%CI:1.43~1.85)、年龄(40~<50岁:OR=1.46,95%CI:1.22~1.74;50~<60岁:OR=1.58,95%CI:1.26~1.98)、职业类型(教育工作者:OR=2.20,95%CI:1.75~2.76;服务业人员OR=2.22,95%CI:1.62~3.04;党政机关、事业单位人员:OR=1.62,95%CI:1.27~2.07;劳动密集型行业人员:OR=2.10,95%CI:1.57~2.82;其他人员:OR=2.16,95%CI:1.51~3.11)以及“3Cs”模型中的信任(OR=0.50,95%CI:0.44~0.59)和自满(OR=2.23,95%CI:1.62~3.04)对疫苗犹豫的影响差异有统计学意义。结论上海市闵行区成人疫苗犹豫程度与“3Cs”模型的信任和自满维度有明显关联,可�Objective To understand the uptake of nine vaccines,the level of vaccine hesitancy and its influencing factors among adults in Minhang district,Shanghai,so as to provide reference for population intervention.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to recruit adults from January 10 to March 9,2021 in Minhang district,Shanghai,using convenience sampling method.The participants were interviewed with a question⁃naire to collect information regarding uptake of hepatitis B vaccine,live attenuated varicella vaccine,influenza vaccine,pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine,human papilloma virus vaccine,leprosy/mumps vaccine,hepati⁃tis A vaccine,hepatitis E vaccine,and rabies vaccine.The survey also collected information on demographic characteristics,vaccine hesitancy,and confidence,complacency,and convenience of the“3Cs”model.The distributions of demographic characteristics and their effect on vaccine hesitancy were analyzed byχ^(2)test using R software.The relationship between the dimensions of the“3Cs”model and vaccine hesitancy was analyzed with multivariable logistic regression.Results In this study,6433 valid questionnaires were completed,and the average age of the respondents was(36.84±9.18)years,with a male to female ratio of 1∶0.93.The uptake proportions of the nine vaccines were 52.63%(3386/6433)for hepatitis B vaccine,50.57%(3253/6433)for live attenuated varicella vaccine,24.93%(1604/6433)for influenza vaccine,18.16%(1168/6433)for pneu⁃mococcal polysaccharide vaccine,8.74%(562/6433)for human papillomavirus vaccine,22.35%(1438/6433)for leprosy/mumps vaccine,21.16%(1361/6433)for hepatitis A vaccine,8.81%(567/6433)for hepatitis E vaccine,and 17.01%(1094/6433)for rabies vaccine.The vaccine uptake varied statistically significantly by sex(χ^(2)=55.77,P<0.01),age(χ^(2)=68.27,P<0.01),occupation(χ^(2)=191.32,P<0.01),and education(χ^(2)=20.58,P<0.01).Sex(OR_(female)=1.63,95%CI:1.43-1.85),age(OR40-<50=1.46,95%CI:1.22-1.74;OR_(50-<60)=1.58,95%CI:1.26-1.98),type of occupation(OR_(education sector)

关 键 词：预防接种 “3Cs”模型 疫苗犹豫 信任 自满 便利 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]