我国自然人破产法律制度的建构理据  

On the Construction Reasons of the Legal System of Bankruptcy of Individuals in China

作　　者：范志勇 FAN Zhiyong(Law School,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学法学院,北京100044

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期83-94,共12页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“个人破产立法重大问题研究”(20BFX126)。

摘　　要：自然人破产立法是我国社会经济发展现代化的要求,在保障债权人公平受偿利益的同时,为债务人提供重新开始的契机。自然人破产立法也是法治发达国家为应对未来风险与塑造企业家精神所普遍采取的做法,在加快对外开放步伐的背景下,我国亦须融入世界潮流之中。认为自然人破产立法将助推逃废债行为的观点是对破产法不合理的成见。在完善自然人财产查控管理制度的基础上,我国自然人破产立法与社会信用体系建设将相得益彰,有效应对自然人破产带来的司法压力。关于自然人破产立法的争议集中于彰显自然人破产制度核心功能的破产免责制度上,“宽严相济”的破产免责制度建构进路将推动自然人破产立法共识的形成。The legislation on bankruptcy of individuals is the requirement of the modernization of social and economic development in China.While protecting the creditors equitable remunerative benefit,it provides debtors with an opportunity to fresh start.The legislation on bankruptcy of individuals is also a common practice adopted by developed countries under the rule of law to deal with future risks and shape entrepreneurship.Under the background of accelerating the pace of opening-up strategy,China should also integrate into the world trend.The view that the legislation on bankruptcy of individuals will promote the evasion of debt is an unreasonable prejudice against the bankruptcy law.On the basis of the natural person property investigation and control experience,the legislation of bankruptcy of individuals in China and the construction of social credit system will complement each other and effectively deal with the judicial pressure brought by bankruptcy of individuals.The dispute about the legislation of bankruptcy of individuals focuses on the bankruptcy discharge system which shows the core function of bankruptcy of individuals system.The construction of the bankruptcy discharge system with“mercy and severity”will promote the formation of the legislative consensus of bankruptcy of individuals.

关 键 词：自然人破产 企业家精神 社会信用 破产免责 宽容与限制 

分 类 号：D922[政治法律—法学]