广东省某市住宿场所健康危害因素监测结果分析  

Analysis on monitoring results of health hazards in accommodation facilities in a certain city ofGuangdong Province

作　　者：余慕莎 李玉[1] 郭艳[1] 张浩玲[1] YU Musha;LI Yu;GOU Yan;ZHANG Haoling(Public Health and Food Hygiene Institute,Zhongshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhongshan Guangdong,528400,China)

机构地区：[1]中山市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生与食品卫生所,广东中山528400

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第17期2380-2384,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解广东省某市住宿场所卫生状况,掌握主要健康危害因素,为加强住宿场所卫生管理提供参考依据。方法2021年在某市辖区内随机选择3个级别各6间住宿场所,在夏季和冬季进行2轮监测,共对36间次住宿场所开展室内空气质量、公共用品用具和冷却塔冷却水等健康危害因素监测。结果室内空气中各项检测指标的合格率在13.39%~100.00%之间,其中温度合格率最低(13.39%),其次为相对湿度(38.39%)及噪声(85.71%),温度和噪声不同季节合格率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01),三星级以下宾馆和快捷酒店噪声合格率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。公共用品用具中,毛巾p H值和菌落总数合格率分别为71.07%和98.67%,其他项目指标均合格;不同季节、星级宾馆和快捷酒店住宿场所毛巾pH值合格率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。冷却塔冷却水中嗜肺军团菌检出率为60.00%。结论广东省某市住宿场所室内空气、公共用品用具大部分监测指标合格率高,但温度、相对湿度、噪声和毛巾pH值合格率低,冷却水中嗜肺军团菌检出率高,存在健康危害因素隐患,相关部门应加强卫生监督管理。Objective To understand the sanitary condition of accommodation in a certaincity of Guangdong province,to master the major health hazard factors,in order to provide scientific basis for strengthening sanitation management of accommodation.Method In 2021,6 accommodation in each of the 3 levels were randomly selected in a city jurisdiction,two rounds of monitoring in summer and winter,total of 36 accommodation were monitored for health hazards such as indoor air quality,public appliances and cooling water of cooling tower.Result The qualified rates of indoor air quality testing indicators were between 13.39%and 100.00%,and the qualified rate of temperature was the lowest(13.39%),followed by relative humidity(38.39%)and noise(85.71%).There were statistically significant differences in the qualified rate of temperature and relative humidity between different seasons(both P<0.01).There was a significant difference in the qualified rate of noise between hotels under three stars and express hotels(P<0.05).Among the public appliances,the qualified rate of pH value of towels and the total number of colonies of towels was 71.07%and 98.67%,and other project indicators were qualified.There were statistically significant differences in the qualified rate of pH value of towels in different seasons,star hotels and express hotels(both P<0.05).The detection rate of legionella pneumophila in cooling water of cooling tower was 60.00%.Conclusion The qualification rate of most monitoring indicators for indoor air and public goods in accommodation facilities in a certain city in Guangdong Province is high,but the qualified rates of temperature,relative humidity,noise and pH value of towels are low,and the detection rate of legionella pneumophila in cooling water is high.There are potential health hazards,and relevant departments should strengthen health supervision and management.

关 键 词：住宿场所 健康危害因素 监测 

分 类 号：R126.8[医药卫生—环境卫生学]