多元运动训练方案对改善老年人衰弱状态的效果评价  

The effect of a multi-component exercise training program on improving the severity of frailty and physical function of the elderly

作　　者：张洁[1] 施红[1] 李晶[1] 沈姞[1] 刘欣梅 赵芳 张丹丹[1] 袁莹[1] 武文斌[1] 刘洋[1] Zhang Jie;Shi Hong;Li Jing;Shen Ji;Liu Xinmei;Zhao Fang;Zhang Dandan;Yuan Ying;Wu Wenbin;Liu Yang(Department of Geriatric Medicine,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Health Management,Donghuashi Community Health Service Center,Dongcheng District,Beijing 100021,China;Beijing Ruike Technology Co.,Ltd.Beijing 100109,China)

机构地区：[1]北京医院老年医学科,国家老年医学中心,中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730 [2]北京市东城区东花市社区卫生服务中心健康管理部,北京100021 [3]北京锐客科技有限公司,北京100109

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2023年第10期1201-1206,共6页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：北京医院院级科研课题(BJ-2019-167);北京医院科技新星项目(BJ-2020-090);中国医学科学院健康长寿大赛项目(2021-JKCS-024);国家重点研发计划项目政府间国际科技创新合作(2021YFE0111800)。

摘　　要：目的制订针对衰弱老年人的多元运动干预方案,评价其对改善衰弱状态的影响,并探讨不同干预方式的效果。方法选取北京市某社区衰弱及衰弱前期老年人174例,随机分为3组,空白对照组不予特殊干预,健康教育组采用讲解、示范及宣传手册的方式开展衰弱基础知识及多元运动方案指导,微信小程序组将多元运动方案制作为视频课程,植入微信小程序并定时推送,干预3个月,比较3组研究对象的衰弱状态及运动依从性。结果最终166例研究对象完成研究,健康教育组及微信小程序组的衰弱表型得分较基线时降低(均P<0.05),干预后空白对照组、健康教育组、微信小程序组衰弱表型得分分别为1(1,2)分、1(0,1)分、1(0,1)分,差异具有统计学意义(H=15.539、P<0.001)。空白对照组、健康教育组、微信小程序组研究对象中各有10例(17.2%)、15例(25.9%)、28例(48.3%)的老年人由衰弱或衰弱前期逆转为无衰弱(χ^(2)=12.770、P=0.002),微信小程组逆转为无衰弱的例数多于空白对照组(χ^(2)=11.536、P=0.001)及健康宣教组(χ^(2)=5.659、P=0.014)。空白对照组、健康教育组、微信小程序组研究对象的衰弱例数分别为9例(15.5%)、1例(1.7%)、1例(1.7%)(χ^(2)=13.040、P=0.001),健康宣教组及微信小程序组的衰弱例数少于空白对照组(χ^(2)=7.552、7.210,P=0.006、0.007)。微信小程序组的运动方案完成情况优于空白对照组(χ^(2)=49.366、P<0.001),且优于健康宣教组(χ^(2)=26.481、P<0.001),健康宣教组优于空白对照组(χ^(2)=6.171、P=0.013)。结论多元运动方案可改善老年人衰弱状态,且基于微信小程序的多元运动干预方式在改善衰弱及提升运动依从性方面更具优势。Objective To establish a multi-component exercise intervention program for the elderly with frailty,assess its effectiveness on improving the severity of frailty,and examine the effects of different intervention modes.Methods 174 elderly people in a community in Beijing were randomly divided into three groups.The control group did not receive special intervention.The health education group received lectures,demonstrations and pamphlets on basic knowledge about frailty and instructions about a multi-component sports program.The multi-component exercise training program group was trained for three months via regular videos delivered through a WeChat app.The severity of frailty and exercise adherence of subjects in the three groups were compared.Results 166 subjects completed the study.Frailty phenotype(FP)scores of the health education group and the WeChat app group were lower than those at baseline(P<0.05).After intervention,FP scores of the control group,the health education group and the WeChat app group were 1(1,2),1(0,1)and 1(0,1),respectively,and there were differences among the three groups after intervention(H=15.539,P<0.05).There were 10 subjects(17.2%)in the control group,15(25.9%)in the health education group and 28(48.3%)in the WeChat app group who experienced reversal from frailty or pre-frailty to no frailty(χ^(2)=12.770,P=0.002).The number of people who reversed to no frailty in the WeChat app group was higher than in the control group(χ^(2)=11.536,P=0.001)and the health education group(χ^(2)=5.659,P=0.014).The numbers of people with frailty in the control group,health education group and WeChat app group were 9(15.5%),1(1.7%)and 1(1.7%),respectively(χ^(2)=13.040,P=0.001),with the numbers of frailty cases in the health education group and the WeChat app group lower than in the control group(χ^(2)=7.552,7.210,P=0.006,0.007).The percentage of people completing the exercise program in the WeChat app group was higher than in the control group(χ^(2)=49.366,P<0.001)and also in the health education gr

关 键 词：运动疗法 衰弱 干预性研究 信息科学 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]