离婚财产分割影响债权实现的法律规制  

Legal Regulations of Divorce Property Division Affecting the Realization of the Creditor's Rights

作　　者：张博文 ZHANG Bo-wen(School of Law and Politics,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 311103,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学法政学院,浙江杭州311103

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期67-73,共7页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：夫妻个人债务的债权人因受债务人离婚财产分割影响而无法获得清偿时,须进行必要的法律规制,但实践中却存在着严重破坏营商环境的法律适用困境。为此,一方面要厘清离婚财产分割协议的复杂性,破除离婚协议整体性,结合女方利益、子女利益和婚姻过错等家庭法要素判断离婚财产分割方案的适当性;另一方面则要化解规范自身的局限性,在协议离婚的情形下,通过类推适用《民法典》第538条的方式将债权人撤销权适用于离婚财产分割协议。在调解离婚的情形下,民事诉讼法上的第三人撤销之诉因主体不适格和调解书无错误难以适用,应直接将实体法上的债权人撤销权适用于调解协议。When the creditor of matrimonial individual debt cannot obtain repayment due to the influence of the debtor’s divorce and property division,legal regulations are necessary to come into play.However,in practice,a dilemma exists in the law application that seriously damages the business environment.To this end,on the one hand,it is necessary to clarify the particularity of the divorce property division agreement by breaking the integrity of the divorce agreement,and judging the appropriateness of the divorce property division plan combining such family law elements as the interests of the female,children,and marriage fault;on the other hand,it is necessary to resolve the limitation of specifications:in the divorce by agreement,the creditor’s right of revocation should be applied to the divorce property division agreement by analogy with the application of Article 538 of the Civil Code;in the case of divorce by mediation where the third-party revocation action in the civil procedure law is difficult to apply because the subject is unqualified and the mediation document has no errors,the right of revocation under the substantive law should be directly applied to the mediation agreement.

关 键 词：个人债务 离婚财产分割协议 债权人撤销权 离婚调解书 

分 类 号：D913.3[政治法律—民商法学]