烤烟新品种湘烟7号高效制种技术研究  

Study on Efficient Seed Multiplication Technology of New Tobacco Variety Xiangyan 7

作　　者：周向平 邓征宇 赵阳阳 彭曙光 肖钦之 周立 麻浩[2] 胡日生 ZHOU Xiang-ping;DENG Zheng-yu;ZHAO Yang-yang;PENG Shu-guang;XIAO Qin-zhi;ZHOU Li;MA Hao;HU Ri-sheng(Yongzhou Municipal Tobacco Company,Hunan Provincial Tobacco Corporation,Yongzhou 425000,PRC;National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,PRC;Hunan Provincial Tobacco Corporation,Changsha 410004,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南省烟草公司永州市公司,湖南永州425000 [2]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [3]湖南省烟草公司,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2023年第9期14-18,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖南省公司科技项目(HN2020KJ01)。

摘　　要：研究了施肥水平、单株留果数和蒴果采摘期对湘烟7号种子产量及质量的影响,以期为提高繁种质量和种子活力提供依据。结果表明:随着施氮水平提高,种子更加饱满,但种子活力以纯氮用量为195 kg/hm~2时较理想;增施钾肥和磷肥有利于提高湘烟7号种子产量,其中钾肥对种子产量和质量的影响较大,肥料配比以m(N)︰m(P_2O_5)︰m(K_2O)=1︰(1~1.2)︰(2.5~3.0)较理想;增加蒴果留果数有利于提高湘烟7号种子产量,但种子活力以单株留蒴果数为100~160个时较理想;80%蒴果颜色由黄转褐时采摘有利于提高湘烟7号种子产量和质量。综合考虑种子产量和质量,湘烟7号种子繁育的施氮量以180~195 kg/hm~2为宜,最适氮磷钾配比为m(N)︰m(P_2O_5)︰m(K_2O)=1︰(1~1.2)︰(2.5~3.0),最适单株留蒴果数为160个,蒴果采摘时期以80%蒴果由黄转褐时最佳。This paper,focusing on improving seed multiplication quality and seed vigor,studied the effects of different fertilization levels,the reserved capsule number per plant,and capsule picking period on the seed yield and quality of Xiangyan 7.The results showed that as the nitrogen fertilizer level increased,the seeds became fuller,and the seed vigor was better when pure nitrogen dosage was 195 kg/hm2.Increasing the application of potassium and phosphorus fertilizer was beneficial to improving the seed yield of Xiangyan 7,among which potassium fertilizer had a greater impact on the seed yield and quality,and the ideal fertilizer ratio of m(N)︰m(P2O5)︰m(K2O)was 1︰(1-1.2)︰(2.5-3.0).Increasing the reserved capsule number per plant was beneficial to improving the seed yield of Xiangyan 7,while the seed vigor was better when the reserved capsules were 100-160 per plant.Harvesting when 80%of capsules turned from yellow to brown facilitated the seed yield and quality increase of Xiangyan 7.Comprehensively,the optimal seed production conditions of Xiangyan 72 are:180-195 kg/hm of pure nitrogen,m(N)︰m(P2O5)︰m(K2O)=1︰(1-1.2)︰(2.5-3.0),160 reserved capsules per plant,and picking when 80%capsules turning from yellow to brown.

关 键 词：湘烟7号 种子繁育 施肥水平 留果数 蒴果采摘期 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S365[农业科学—作物学]