多效唑诱导雌株杨梅形成雄花研究  

Study on Male Flower Formation Induced by Paclobutrazol in Female Plant of Chinese Bayberry

作　　者：林旗华[1] 钟秋珍[1] 张泽煌[1] Lin Qihua;Zhong Qiuzhen;Zhang Zehuang(Fruit Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福建福州350013

出　　处：《东南园艺》2023年第3期168-171,共4页Southeast Horticulture

基　　金：福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2021R1028006);福建省农业科学院新兴果类科技创新团队(CXTD0102)。

摘　　要：【目的】杨梅为雌雄异株果树,缺少清晰明确的果实相关农艺性状的雄株杨梅品种是制约杨梅杂交研究的一个重要因素,因此研发一种诱导雌株杨梅形成雄花的技术,可为杨梅杂交新品种的选育打下扎实的基础。【方法】通过在杨梅花序原基分化阶段喷施不同浓度的多效唑水溶液,诱导雌株杨梅开雄花。【结果】‘洞口乌’杨梅的最适宜处理为在9月下旬喷施浓度为1.67 g/L的多效唑。9个参试的杨梅品种均能被诱导出雄性花序,表明外源多效唑能改变雌株杨梅的花序性别,但品种间差异显著,诱导出的雄性花序占比介于3%~100%,最高的是洞口乌杨梅,最低的是‘八贤道’杨梅。【结论】多效唑诱导雌株杨梅形成雄花的研究,为今后优特杨梅杂交新品种的选育奠定了扎实的基础,理论价值和经济效益重大。[Objective]Chinese bayberry is a dioecious fruit tree.The lack of male varieties with clear and definite fruit-related agronomic traits is an important factor restricting the study of Chinese bayberry hybridization.Therefore,development of a technology to induce formation of male flowers of female plant of Chinese bayberry could provide a solid basis for breeding of new hybrid varieties of Chinese bayberry.[Method]Three different concentrations of paclobutrazol solution was sprayed at inflorescence primordium differentiation stage to induce blooming of male flower of female plant of Chinese bayberry.[Result] The results showed that the most suitable treatment for‘Dongkouwu'was the application of 1.67 g/L paclobutrazol in late September.All nine tested Chinese bayberry varieties could be induced to form male inflorescences,indicating that exogenous paclobutrazol could change the inflorescence sex of female Chinese bayberry,but the difference between varieties was significant,and the proportion of induced male inflorescences ranged from 3%to 100%.The variety with the highest proportion was‘Dongkouwu'while the variety with the lowest one was‘Baxiandao'.[Conclusion]Study on male flower formation induced by paclobutrazol in female plant of Chinese bayberry laid a solid foundation for the future breeding of new hybrid varieties of Chinese bayberry and had great theoretical and economic benefits.

关 键 词：杨梅 多效唑 诱导 雄花 

分 类 号：S667.6[农业科学—果树学]