云南省元阳县蝴蝶群落结构与物种多样性研究  

Study on the Butterfly Community Structure and Diversity in Yuanyang County,Yunnan Province

作　　者：尹晶 施雯 王灵敏 王有慧 李晨阳 和秋菊[1] 易传辉[2] YIN Jing;SHI Wen;WANG Lingmin;WANG Youhui;LI Chenyang;HE Qiuju;YI Chuanhui(College of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学云南生物多样性研究院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期771-778,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660631);生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测和评估项目(2019—2023年)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究云南省元阳县蝴蝶群落结构与物种多样性。【方法】采用样线法和网捕对元阳县蝴蝶进行调查。共设置样线30条,每条样线不少于2 km,以1.0~1.5 km/h的速度调查、采集样线沿途蝴蝶。【结果】共采集蝴蝶5科87属166种,其中以蛱蝶科(Nymphalidae)物种数和个体数最多,最少的为弄蝶科(Hesperiidae)物种;优势种为宽边黄粉蝶(Eurema hecabe)和东方菜粉蝶(Pieris candia)。多样性存在时空差异。在时间分布上,秋季物种数、个体数和多样性指数均远高于夏季。在海拔分布上,物种数和个体数在海拔≥600~800 m内最多,在海拔≥400~600 m内最少;多样性指数在海拔≥1000~1200 m内最高(3.9950),在海拔≥400~600 m内最低(3.1064)。在行政区域上,以大坪乡物种多样性最高(3.8282),以小新街乡多样性最低(2.4561)。【结论】元阳县蝴蝶具有较高的多样性,在分布上有明显的时空差异,呈明显的垂直和水平分布特征。[Purpose]To explore the butterfly community structure and species diversity in Yuanyang County,Yunnan Province.[Methods]The butterflies in Yuanyang County were investigated by using the method of sample line and net catching.A total of 30 sample lines were set up,each of which was not less than 2 km long,and butterflies along the sample lines were investigated and collected at a speed of 1.0-1.5 km/h.[Results]A total of 166 species of butterflies were collected from 87 genera of 5 families,among which the number of species and individuals of Nymphalidae was the largest,the least was the species of Hesperiidae;the dominant species were Eurema hecabe and Pieris candia.There were temporal and spatial differences in diversity.In terms of temporal distribution,the number of species,individuals and diversity index in autumn were much higher than those in summer.In the altitude distribution,the number of species and individuals were the largest in the altitude of≥600-800 m,and the least in the altitude of≥400-600 m;the diversity index was the highest(3.9950)in the altitude of≥1000-1200 m,and the lowest(3.1064)in the altitude of≥400-600 m.In administrative areas,there were the highest species diversity(3.8282)in Daping Town,and there were the lowest species diversity(2.4561)in Xiaoxinjie Town.[Conclusion]The butterflies in Yuanyang County have a high diversity,and there are obvious spatial and temporal differences in distribution,showing obvious vertical and horizontal distribution characteristics.

关 键 词：蝴蝶 多样性 群落结构 元阳县 

分 类 号：Q969.42[生物学—昆虫学]