居家晚癌患者照顾者的照顾负担及其影响因素研究  

Study on the care burden of caregivers for patients with late cancer at home and its influencing factors

作　　者：罗佳[1] 郑莉[2] 陈慧平 LUO Jia;ZHENG Li;CHEN Hui-ping(Department of Sociology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学社会学系,浙江杭州310058 [2]四川大学公共管理学院社会学与心理学系,四川成都612000 [3]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川成都612000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第19期3540-3545,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22BSH053)。

摘　　要：目的 分析居家晚癌患者照顾者的照顾负担、应对方式、社会支持情况及负担影响因素,为该群体的干预服务提供依据。方法 对2020年12月—2021年3月在成都某宁养院接受居家安宁疗护服务的105名晚癌患者主要照顾者进行横截面调查。利用基本信息问卷、ZBI、SCSQ、SSRS量表收集数据。通过SPSS.22.0进行描述统计、独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析和建立多元回归嵌套模型。结果 105名参与者的照顾负担得分为(43.27±14.20)分,已达中重度水平;社会支持(32.5±8.21)分,属于中等水平。积极应对(17.80±6.36)分,消极应对(10.03±3.40)分。性别、配偶身份、消极应对方式、社会支持是影响照顾负担的因素(B=37.853, F=7.184, P<0.05),可解释30.5%的变异量。女性和配偶照顾者表现出更高水平的照顾负担;良好的身体健康状况、社会支持有益于降低照顾负担;消极的应对方式会加重照顾负担。结论 居家晚癌患者照顾者正在经历躯体性、经济性、时间性、情绪性等负担。改善其健康状态、增加社会支持、减少消极应对可以有效减轻照顾负担。Objective To analyze the care burden, coping style, social support, and influencing factors of caregivers of late cancer patients at home, so as to provide reference for interventions among this group. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 105 main caregivers of late cancer patients who received home hospice care in a hospice in Chengdu from December 2020 to March 2021. The data were collected by basic demographic information questionnaire, Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression nesting model were established by SPSS.22.0. Results The score of care burden of 105 participants was (43.27 ±14.20), which reached moderate to severe level, and the score of social support was (32.5 ±8.21), with moderate level. The scores of positive coping and negative coping were (17.80 ±6.36) and (10.03 ±3.40), respectively. Gender, spouse identity, negative coping style, and social support were the factors that affected the care burden (B=37.853, F=7.184, P < 0.05), which could explain 30.5% of the variance. Female and spouse caregiver suffered a higher level of care burden, good health and social support were helpful to reduce the care burden, and negative coping style increased the care burden. Conclusion Caregivers of late cancer patients at home are experiencing physical, economic, temporal, and emotional burdens. Improving their health status, increasing social support, and reducing negative coping can effectively reduce the burden of care.

关 键 词：癌症患者家庭照顾者 照顾负担 影响因素 居家安宁疗护 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]