基于模型-数据混合驱动的风电场暂态过程等值方法  

Equivalence Method for Wind Farm Transient Process Based on Model-Data Hybrid Drive

作　　者：赵龙 孟祥飞 田鑫 刘宝柱[2] 李永康 ZHAO Long;MENG Xiangfei;TIAN Xin;LIU Baozhu;LI Yongkang(Economic and Technology Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company,Jinan 250021,China;School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]国网山东省电力公司经济技术研究院,济南市250021 [2]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京市102206

出　　处：《电力建设》2023年第10期22-32,共11页Electric Power Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52177080);国网山东省电力公司科技项目“以新能源为主体的电力系统安全评估与裕度提升关键技术”(520625210007)。

摘　　要：针对大规模风电场接入给电力系统安全稳定分析过程带来的方程高维性、计算效率低问题,提出了一种基于模型-数据混合驱动的风电场暂态过程等值方法。对整个风电场进行两阶段聚合,最终将含有多台风机的风电场等值为单台风机模型。第一阶段等值过程中基于物理模型驱动思想,通过获取不同风速下风机并网点有功暂态响应特性及出力特性,采用K-means方法将所有风机聚合为四台等效风机。第二阶段基于数据驱动策略,通过所建立风电场并网点有功偏差最小的多时段优化模型并结合长短期记忆网络(long short term memory,LSTM)训练,将四台等效风机聚合为单台风机模型,实现了整个风电场的暂态过程等值聚合。通过算例验证了所提等值方法能够有效地反映风电场的暂态过程特性,为电力系统安全稳定分析模型降维提供了一种实用化解决方案。To address the issues of high equation dimensionality and low computational efficiency in power system security and stability analysis,especially after the integration of large-scale wind farms,a hybrid-driven wind farm transient process equivalence method is introduced.The method aggregates the entire wind farm into two distinct stages,simplifying a multi-turbine wind farm to a single wind turbine model.In the first stage of the equivalence process,physical model-based driving is employed,utilizing the K-means method.This method aggregates all wind turbines into four equivalent turbines by capturing the active transient response characteristics and output features at grid connection points for different wind speeds.In the second stage,a data-driven strategy is adopted.Here,the four equivalent wind turbines are further aggregated into a single wind turbine model.This is accomplished via a multiperiod optimization model designed to minimize active power deviation at the grid connection point of the wind farm.LSTM neural network training is also incorporated to facilitate the aggregation process,thereby achieving transient process equivalence for the entire wind farm.An example application of this proposed method shows that it can effectively capture the transient process characteristics of wind farms.Furthermore,it offers a practical approach for reducing the dimensionality of models used in power system security and stability analyses.

关 键 词：模型-数据混合驱动 两阶段聚合 风电场等值 暂态过程 

分 类 号：TM712[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]