考虑气–固两相储氢特性的电–氢充能站安全运行策略  

Safe Operation Strategy of Electric-hydrogen Charging Station With Gas-solid Hydrogen Storage Characteristics

作　　者：郑文迪[1] 雷克波 王向杰 邵振国[1] 李继辉 李玖镕 许志鸿 陈飞雄 ZHENG Wendi;LEI Kebo;WANG Xiangjie;SHAO Zhenguo;LI Jihui;LI Jiurong;XU Zhihong;CHEN Feixiong(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,Fujian Province,China;Power China Hubei Electric Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430040,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学电气工程与自动化学院,福建省福州市350108 [2]湖北省电力勘测设计院有限公司,湖北省武汉市430040

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第18期6965-6977,共13页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(青年科学基金项目)(52107080);福建省自然科学基金(2021J05135)。

摘　　要：电-氢充能站作为集充能、消纳新能源为一体的新型供能形式,在实现能源清洁化方面具有广阔前景。然而,安全问题阻碍了电-氢充能站的进一步商业化。为此,该文提出气-固两相储氢系统的电-氢充能站安全运行策略,通过转变氢气存储形态降低氢能利用风险。首先,考虑氢原子之间相互作用力,提出基于压缩因子的非理想气体压强公式,以准确刻画储氢罐内的非线性压强增长。其次,引入TNT当量法与半致死范围对储氢罐的安全风险进行量化,构建安全约束条件与量化调控指标,为优化模型提供安全边界与决策方向。最后,对原始金属储氢模型进行假设近似,构建电网视角下的氢气形态转换模型。结果表明,金属储氢占总储氢容量的20%~30%时,电-氢充能站的安全运行效果最佳。As a new form of energy supply that integrates energy charging and renewable energy consumption,electric hydrogen charging stations have a broad prospect in realizing clean energy.However,safety concerns have prevented further commercialization.Therefore,the safe operation strategy of an electric-hydrogen charging station with a gas-solid hydrogen storage system is proposed in this paper.The risk of hydrogen energy utilization is reduced by changing the form of hydrogen storage.First,considering the interaction force between hydrogen atoms,a non-ideal gas pressure formula based on compression factor is proposed to accurately describe the nonlinear pressure growth in hydrogen storage tank.Then,the TNT equivalent method and half-lethal range are introduced to quantify the risk of hydrogen storage tanks.Safety constraints and quantitative control indexes are constructed to provide the optimization model's safety boundaries and decision-making direction.Finally,the original metal hydrogen storage model is approximated by the hypothesis,and the hydrogen form transformation equation is constructed from the perspective of the power grid.The case study shows that when the metal hydrogen storage amount accounts for 20%~30%of the total hydrogen storage,the optimal safe running effect of the electricity-hydrogen charging station is achieved.

关 键 词：金属储氢 风险量化 非理想气体压强 电–氢充能站 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]