产前超声检查在胎儿脊柱裂诊断中的应用进展  

Application progress of prenatal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of fetal spina bifida

作　　者：陈孝红 CHEN Xiaohong(Department of Ultrasound,Linyi Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Shandong Province,Linyi 276004,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省临沂市妇幼保健院超声科,山东临沂276004

出　　处：《妇儿健康导刊》2023年第19期18-20,共3页JOURNAL OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH GUIDE

摘　　要：胎儿脊柱裂是神经管的后神经孔闭合不全所致的先天神经系统畸形,以腰骶部的脊柱裂最为常见,可分为开放性和闭合性。该疾病的致残率及死亡率较高,应早发现、早干预。孕妇产前检查中胎儿脊柱裂的筛查属于必检项目,产前超声在胎儿脊柱裂的诊断中具有安全无创、成本低、诊断效率高等特点,其中二维、三维超声优势显著。本文就脊柱裂的发生机制,胎儿脊柱裂二维、三维超声检查及产前超声检查在胎儿脊柱裂诊断中的应用进展进行综述。Fetal spina bifida is a congenital nervous system malformation caused by incomplete closure of the posterior nerve foramina of the neural tube.Spina bifida in the lumbosacral region is the most common,and can be divided into open and closed types.The disability rate and mortality rate of this disease are high,and it should be discovered and intervened early.The screening of fetal spina bifida is a necessary item in prenatal examination of pregnant women.Prenatal ultrasound has the characteristics of safety,non-invasive,low cost and high diagnostic efficiency in the diagnosis of fetal spina bifida,among which two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography have significant advantages.This article reviews the pathogenesis of spina bifida,two-dimensional and threedimensional ultrasonography of fetal spina bifida and the application of prenatal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of fetal spina bifida.

关 键 词：产前超声检查 胎儿脊柱裂 诊断 应用进展 

分 类 号：R714.53[医药卫生—妇产科学]