不同氮磷钾施肥处理对雪松人工幼林的影响研究  

Effects of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization treatments on young artificial Cedrus deodara forest

作　　者：曾慧杰[1] 唐春[1] 顿珠 李聪 张翼[1] 唐永军 仁增康珠 罗布 乔中全[1,3] ZENG Huijie;TANG Chun;DUN Zhu;LI Cong;ZHANG Yi;TANG Yongjun;RENZENG Kangzhu;LUO Bu;QIAO Zhongquan(Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Shannan Forestry and Grassland Harmful Biological Pest Control Station,Shannan 856100,Xizang,China;Xizang Shannan Bianjiu Landscaping Construction Co.,Ltd.,Shannan 856100,Xizang,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]山南市林业和草原有害生物防治站,西藏山南856100 [3]西藏山南边久园林绿化建设有限公司,西藏山南856100

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2023年第5期39-45,共7页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：湖南省创新型省份建设专项(2021WK4002)。

摘　　要：氮、磷、钾是植物生长发育所必需的营养元素,合理的施肥能提高农林业生产的产量,改善植物的品质。为探究不同氮磷钾施肥处理对雪松人工幼林生长情况的影响,采用“3414”施肥方案(3因素4水平,共14个处理)对雪松进行施肥和相关生长指标测定与分析,最终拟合出株高与氮、磷、钾肥之间的回归方程。结果表明:施加氮磷钾肥能显著增加雪松幼树的株高、地径和冠幅,其中T_(6)(N_(2)P_(2)K_(2))处理表现效果最佳。氮、磷、钾对雪松幼树株高和地径增长量的影响大小依次是N>K>P,对冠幅增长量的影响大小顺序是K>N>P。氮、磷、钾表现出交互作用,对雪松生长的影响大小依次为NK>NP>PK。不但氮、磷、钾对雪松叶片的全氮、全磷、全钾含量的提高均有促进作用,且三种元素之间存在交互作用,能共同促进雪松叶片营养成分的合成。由拟合的肥料效应方程可推测得到雪松株高最大增长量的施肥量,即当氮肥(N)为109.85g·株^(-1)、磷肥(P_(2)O_(5))为88.89 g·株^(-1)、钾肥(K_(2)O)为68.36 g·株^(-1)时,株高最大增长量为64.32 cm。综上所述,合理的施肥能较好地促进雪松的生长。研究结果为雪松人工幼林生产力的提高和经济效益的增加提供了技术支撑。Nitrogen,phosphorus;and potassium are essential nutrients for plant growth and development.Appropriate fertilization can increase the yield of agricultural and forestry production,and improve the quality of plants.To investigate the effects of different nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilization treatments on the growth of artificial young cedar(Cedrus deodara)forests,the“3414”fertilization scheme(3 factors and 4 levels,a total of 14 treatments)was used to fertilize cedar.The relevant growth indicators of cedar were measured and analyzed,and the regression equation among plant height and nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer was finally fitted.The results showed that the application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers could significantly increase the height,diameter,and crown width of young cedar trees,with T6(N_(2) P_(2) K)treatment showing the best performance.The effects of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium on the growth of height and ground diameter of young cedar trees were in the order of N>K>P,and the effects on the growth of crown were in the order of K>N>P.Nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium had an interactive effect,with the order of influence on cedar growth being NK>NP>PK.Not only did nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium promote the increase of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium content in cedar leaves,but there was an interaction among the three elements,which could jointly promote the synthesis of nutrient components in cedar leaves.According to the fitted fertilizer effect equation,it could be inferred that the fertilization amount for the maximum growth of cedar plant height was 64.32 cm when nitrogen fertilizer(N)was 109.85 g per plant,phosphorus fertilizer(P_(2)0_(5))was 88.89 g per plant,and potassium fertilizer(K_(2)0)was 68.36 g per plant In summary,proper fertilization effectively promoted the growth of cedar.The research results provided technical support for improving the productivity and economic benefits of young cedar plantations.

关 键 词：雪松 配方施肥 生长指标 养分含量 

分 类 号：S725.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S791.21[农业科学—林学]