浙江苍南近岸海域实测波浪特征分析  

Analysis of measured wave characteristics in the coastal waters of Cangnan,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：周昳鸣 杨立华 郇彩云 刘荣 ZHOU Yiming;YANG Lihua;HUAN Caiyun;LIU Rong(China Hua neng Group Clean Energy Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102209,China;Clean Energy Branch of Hua neng International Power Jiangsu Energy Development Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210015,China;Key Laboratory of Far-shore Wind Power Technology of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310014,China;Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司,北京102209 [2]华能国际电力江苏能源开发有限公司清洁能源分公司,江苏南京210015 [3]浙江省深远海风电技术研究重点实验室,浙江杭州310014 [4]中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《海洋学研究》2023年第3期43-55,共13页Journal of Marine Sciences

基　　金：中国华能集团有限公司科技项目“海上风机、塔架和基础一体化设计技术(一)”(HNKJ20-H07)。

摘　　要：利用浙江苍南近岸海域一年实测波浪资料,统计分析了波参数特征,采用最小二乘法拟合分析了波参数之间的相关关系,研究波浪平均持续时间和波高的关系,对波浪能进行估算,并分析了台风“利奇马”期间典型台风浪特征。结果表明:研究海域以谱峰周期5~9 s的轻浪为主,年平均有效波高为1.25 m,年最大波高为10.80 m,常浪向为E,强浪向为ENE。特征波高之间具有显著的线性关系,符合典型的瑞利分布。有效波高2.7 m以下的非台风、非寒潮期和4.1 m以上的台风期,波浪平均持续时间随波高的增大呈指数衰减,且有效波高在4.1 m以上的台风期的波浪衰减速率高于有效波高在2.7 m以下的非台风、非寒潮期。台风“利奇马”影响期间,最大波高、谱峰周期、谱峰密度呈现基本同步的先增大后减小的过程,最大谱峰密度为55.10 m^(2)Hz;台风影响前、后的波浪谱型均呈双峰谱,台风影响最显著期间的波浪谱型呈单峰谱。Based on the one-year measured wave data in the coastal area of Cangnan,Zhejiang Province,the characteristics of wave parameters were statistically analyzed,the correlation between wave parameters was analyzed by using the least square method,the relationship between the average wave duration and wave height was studied,the wave energy was estimated,and the characteristics of typical typhoon waves during typhoon“Lekima”were analyzed.The results show that the study area is mainly composed of light waves with spectral peak period of 5-9 s,the annual average significant wave height of 1.22 m,the normal wave direction is E,the strong wave direction is ENE.There is a significant linear relationship between the characteristic wave heights,which conforms to the typical Rayleigh Distribution.In typhoon free period and cold wave free period with significant wave height below 2.7 m and typhoon period with significant wave height above 4.1 m,the average duration of wave decreases exponential decays with the increase of wave height,and the attenuation rate of typhoon period with significant wave height above 4.1 m is higher than that of typhoon free period and cold wave free period with significant wave height below 2.7 m.During the impact of typhoon“Lekima”,the maximum wave height,spectral peak period,and spectral peak density show a basically synchronous process of first increasing and then decreasing,with a maximum spectral peak density of 55.10 m^(2)Hz;the typhoon wave spectrum before and after the impact of the typhoon show a bimodal spectrum,while the wave spectrum during the most significant period of typhoon impact show a unimodal spectrum.

关 键 词：波参数 波浪平均持续时间 波浪能 波浪谱 

分 类 号：P731.22[天文地球—海洋科学]