核电站放射性废水处理技术研究进展  

Research Progress in Radioactive Wastewater Treatment Technology for Nuclear PowerPlants

作　　者：刘晓芳 周涛 毛赏[1,2,3] 魏东 Liu Xiaofang;Zhou Tao;Mao Shang;Wei Dong(Department of Nuclear Science and Technology,School of Energy and Environment,Southeast University,Jiangsu,210096;Institute of Nuclear Thermal-hydraulic Safety and Standardization,Jiangsu,210096;National Engineering Research Center of Power Generation Control and Safety,Jiangsu,210096)

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院核科学与技术系,江苏210096 [2]核热工安全与标准化研究团队,江苏210096 [3]大型发电装备安全运行与智能测控国家工程研究中心,江苏210096

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2023年第19期8-10,共3页Modern Chemical Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项“兆瓦级智能模块化金属弥散热管反应堆移动核电源系统”(项目编号:2020YFB1901700);江苏省科学技术厅“江苏省双创人才经费”(项目编号:JSSCRC2021500)。

摘　　要：放射性废水的处理与排放是核电站安全运行的重要环节。中低放射性核废水主要来源于主设备排空水、二回路废水和实验废水等;高放射性核废水主要来源于乏燃料后处理、放射性物质分离制造以及严重核事故。中低放射性核废水处理方法主要有化学沉淀法、物理吸附法和离子交换法等;高放射性废水还涉及固化工艺。明确了放射性废水处理技术的研究进展及主要的发展方向,提出了采用人工智能、仿生材料、量子化学等新技术交叉结合的方式并进行了可行性分析,为核能安全领域与其他领域的交叉发展提供参考,打造能源与环境绿水青山的和谐发展。The treatment and discharge of radioactive wastewater is an important link in the safe operation of nuclear power plants.Low to medium radioactive nuclear wastewater mainly comes from the main equipment emptying water,secondary circuit wastewater and experimental waste-water;High radioactive nuclear wastewater mainly comes from spent fuel reprocessing,radioactive material separation and manufacturing and severe nuclear accidents.The main methods for treating medium and low radioactive nuclear wastewater include chemical precipitation,physical adsorption,and ion exchange;High radioactive wastewater also involves solidification processes.This paper introduced the research progress and main develop-ment direction of radioactive waste water treatment technology,proposed the cross combination of artificial intelligence,bionic materials,quantum chemistry and other new technologies,and carried out feasibility analysis,which provides reference for the cross development of nuclear energy safe-ty field and other fields,and creates a harmonious development of energy and environment.

关 键 词：核电站 核安全 放射性废水 处理系统 交叉技术 

分 类 号：R147[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]