先秦两汉时代呕吐病证的文献梳理与研究  

Literature Review and Research on Vomiting Syndrome in Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties

作　　者：郭海峰 孟昱彤 黄宏 GUO Haifeng;MENG Yutong;HUANG Hong(School of Basic Medicine,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310053,China;The First Clinical School,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310053,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学基础医学院,浙江杭州310053 [2]浙江中医药大学第一临床医学院,浙江杭州310053

出　　处：《光明中医》2023年第18期3517-3520,共4页GUANGMING JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE

基　　金：浙江中医药大学社会科学青年探索项目(No.2022JKSKTS08);寿仙谷——浙江省抗癌协会“中医药肿瘤防治临床研究专项基金”项目。

摘　　要：呕吐作为常见的中医病证,在先秦两汉时代即已被医家们所认识,其思想成果主要体现于《黄帝内经》与《伤寒杂病论》之中。为掌握该时期医家对呕吐的了解情况,笔者从释名、病因病机、辨证论治3个角度对相关文献进行了深入分析与梳理总结,以期为临床实践提供指导依据。《黄帝内经》中可见中医对于呕吐的最早记载,述其定义,定位于胃,认为外邪侵袭、饮食失宜、失治误治是呕吐的主要病因,脉诊、望诊、分经论呕以及针刺治呕是辨证论治方向;仲景则以六经辨证论外感呕吐,以脏腑辨证论内伤呕吐,补充发展了《黄帝内经》的呕吐理论。这一时期有关呕吐的理论与实践成果,为后世医家的发挥奠定了重要基础,起到了划时代的示范作用。As a common syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),vomiting has been recognized by physicians in the Pre-Qin and Han dynasties,and their ideological achievements are mainly reflected in Huangdi Neijing and Shanghan Zabing Lun.To grasp the doctors'understanding,the author conducted an in-depth analysis and sorted out relevant literature from three perspectives:name interpretation,pathogeny and pathogenesis,and syndrome differentiation and treatment,on the chance of providing guidance for clinical practice.The earliest record of vomiting in TCM can be seen in the Huangdi Neijing.It describes vomiting's definition,positions it in the stomach,and believes that external evil invasion,inappropriate diet,and mistreatment are the main causes of vomiting,while pulse diagnosis,inspection,meridian discussion,and acupuncture therapy are the direction of dialectical treatment.Zhang Zhongjing applied the six-meridian syndrome differentiation to discuss exogenous vomiting and utilized the viscera syndrome differentiation to discuss endogenous vomiting,supplementing and developing the theory of Huangdi Neijing.In general,the theoretical and practical achievements of vomiting during this period laid an important foundation for the physicians'thoughts in later ages and produced epoch-making significance.

关 键 词：呕吐 先秦两汉 《黄帝内经》 《伤寒杂病论》 文献研究 

分 类 号：R256.31[医药卫生—中医内科学]