不同砧木对楸树嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响  

Effects of different rootstocks on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of grafted seedlings of Catalpa bungei

作　　者：贾瑞瑞 祝艳艳 杨秀莲[1] 付钰 岳远征[1] 王良桂[1,2] JIA Ruirui;ZHU Yanyan;YANG Xiulian;FU Yu;YUE Yuanzheng;WANG Lianggui(Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture of Jiangsu Province,College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏省风景园林重点实验室,江苏南京210037 [2]南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期97-106,共10页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(19)2038);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析不同梓树(Catalpa ovata)和滇楸(C.fargesii)嫁接苗第1年各生长指标和光合特性的差异,探究不同砧木对楸树(C.bungei)嫁接苗生长的影响,为初步筛选适宜楸树嫁接的砧木以及楸树良种繁育提供参考。【方法】以梓树和滇楸为砧木,以‘南林1号’(‘Nanlin 1’)‘洛楸’(‘Luoqiu’)和‘苏楸1号’(‘Su 1’)为接穗,进行芽接,共6个嫁接组合,测定嫁接后128、141、155、174和189 d的叶绿素含量、净光合速率与叶绿素荧光参数,并统计嫁接6个月后的成活率,测定接穗当年的高生长和径生长量及生长1年后嫁接口上下径粗度比。【结果】6种砧穗组合中‘南林1号’/滇楸的成活率最高,达76.91%,‘苏楸1号’/滇楸成活率最低,仅有32.05%;‘南林1号’/梓树的接穗高生长和径生长量最大,分别为165.51、2.89 cm,‘苏楸1号’/滇楸的接穗高生长和径生长量最小,分别为83.43、1.63 cm。各嫁接组合嫁接口上下径粗度比均小于1,嫁接生长第1年,均未出现“大小脚”现象,但‘苏楸1号’/滇楸亲和性最差。在整个生长测定期,除以‘苏楸1号’为接穗的嫁接组合外,滇砧嫁接组合的叶绿素含量、净光合速率(P_(n))、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))及PSⅡ潜在活性(F_(v)/F_(o))总体上均不同程度地大于梓砧嫁接组合。不同嫁接组合和生长时期均对叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量和P_(n)产生显著影响。嫁接后155 d,各组合差异显著,P_(n)与叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),‘南林1号’/滇楸、‘洛楸’/滇楸叶绿素含量较高,其能量转换效率高、光合能力强;P_(n)与F_(m)(最大荧光)、F_(v)/F_(o)呈显著正相关,‘苏楸1号’/滇楸和‘苏楸1号’/梓树组合P_(n)和F_(v)/F_(o)较低,F_(o)较高,说明其耐强光能力较弱。【结论】初步判断认为‘南林1号’和‘洛楸’以滇楸作砧木时,发展潜力更大,而‘苏楸1�【Objective】This study mainly analyzed the differences in the growth indexes and photosynthetic characteristics of different Catalpa ovata and C.fargesii grafted seedlings in the first year,and studied the effect of different rootstocks on the growth of C.bungei grafted seedlings,to provide a basic reference for the preliminary screening of suitable rootstocks for C.bungei grafting and subsequent in-depth research.【Method】C.ovata and C.fargesii were used as rootstocks,and C.bungei‘Nanlin 1’,C.bungei‘Luoqiu’and C.bungei‘Su 1’were used as scions.There were six grafting combinations in total.The chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured at 128,141,155,174 and 189 d after grafting.After 6 months,the survival rate of each grafting combination was counted.The height and diameter growth of scions in the current year and the ratio of upper to lower diameters of grafting interface after one year were measured.【Result】The survival rate of C.bungei‘Nanlin 1’/C.fargesii was the highest among the six grafting combinations,reaching 76.91%.The survival rate of C.bungei‘Su 1’/C.fargesii was the lowest,only 32.05%.The scion height and diameter growth of C.bungei‘Nanlin 1’/C.ovata were the largest,165.51 and 2.89 cm,respectively.The scion height and diameter growth of C.bungei‘Su 1’/C.fargesii were the smallest,83.43 and 1.63 cm respectively.The ratio of upper to lower diameter of each grafting combination was less than 1,and there was no phenomenon of‘big and small feet’in the first year of grafting growth.However,the compatibility of C.bungei‘Su 1’/C.fargesii was the worst.In the whole growth period,except for the grafting combination with C.bungei‘Su 1’as scion,the chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(F_(v)/F_(m))and potential activity of PSⅡ(F_(v)/F_(o))of the grafting combination with C.fargesii as rootstock were generally higher than those with C.ovata as rootst

关 键 词：楸树 砧穗组合 光合特性 叶绿素荧光 生长状态 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺] S718[农业科学—园艺学]