基于NDVI与DEM的山地植被垂直带定量划分——以太白山南坡为例  

A quantitative divided method for the vegetation vertical belt based on NDVI and DEM:a case study of Taibai Mountain on the south slope

作　　者：赵婷 白红英[2] 邓晨晖[3] 他志杰 ZHAO Ting;BAI Hongying;DENG Chenhui;TA Zhijie(School of Tourism,Xi’an International Studies University,Xi’an 710128,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China;School of Geography and Environment,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang 712000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学旅游学院,陕西西安710128 [2]西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西西安710127 [3]咸阳师范学院地理与环境学院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期165-171,共7页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201304309);陕西省教育厅科研项目(21JK0305)。

摘　　要：【目的】利用遥感与地理信息技术,剖析不同植被类型植被指数与海拔的关系,实现山地植被垂直带的准确划分,获取山区植被分布空间格局。【方法】以秦岭主峰太白山南坡为研究区,依据夏秋两季植被垂直带归一化植被指数(NDVI)的差值构建DEM-NDVI散点图,并利用半峰宽计算法将垂直带边界量化。【结果】夏秋NDVI差值与DEM构建的散点图能够很好地体现出山地植被垂直带分布格局。太白山保护区南坡可划分6个植被垂直带,保护区下界至海拔1919 m为栎林,1919-2331 m为松栎混交林,2115-2585 m为桦林,2516-3150 m为冷杉林,3109-3551 m为红杉林,3551 m至山顶为高山灌丛草甸。DEM-NDVI散点图与遥感影像解译植被分类结果相比,二者的植被分布格局基本一致,但DEM-NDVI散点图能够体现植被的群体平均分布状况且能更准确地表达植被垂直带随海拔的变化特征。【结论】利用夏秋NDVI差值与海拔所构建的散点图可快捷准确地划分山地植被垂直带。【Objective】Our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of mapping vegetation distribution along the southern slope of the Taibai Mountains using remote sensing and geographic information technology.【Method】We quantified the boundary of vertical vegetation zoning by half-peak width calculation in a mountains digital elevation medel-normalized difference regetation index(DEM-NDVI)scatter map based on different NDVI between summer and autumn in the Taibai Mountains of Qinling.【Result】The scatter map constructed by NDVI differences in summer and autumn and DEM well reflected well the vertical distribution pattern of mountain vegetation.The south slope of Taibai Mountain Reserve could be divided into six vertical vegetation zones:oak forest distributed in 1509-1919 m,pine-oak mixed forest distributed in 1919-2331 m,birch forest distributed in 2115-2585 m,Abies forest distributed in 2516-3150 m,Larix chinensis forest distributed in 3109-3551 m,and alpine scrub meadow distributed above 3551 m to the peak.Compared with vegetation classification results interpreted from remote sensing images,the DEM-NDVI scatter map was basically consistent with the distribution pattern of vegetation vertical belt,but the DEM-NDVI scatter map could reflect the average distribution of vegetation and more accurately expressed the variation characteristics of vegetation vertical zoning with altitudes.【Conclusion】The scatter map based on different NDVI between summer and autumn at different altitudes can quickly and accurately divide the vertical zone of mountain vegetation.

关 键 词：植被垂直带 DEM 归一化植被指数(NDVI) 太白山 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] K73[历史地理—历史学] S718[历史地理—世界史]