自然种类词与理论同一性  

Natural Kinds Terms and Theoretical Identity Statements

作　　者：刘叶涛 尹均怡 Liu Yetao;Yin Junyi

机构地区：[1]南开大学哲学院,天津300350

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2023年第9期91-99,共9页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“意义与指称理论前沿问题研究”(21BZX04)。

摘　　要：基于模态谓词逻辑核心概念的澄清可以发现,严格指示根本上是一个形而上学问题。理解此概念需诉诸指称对象自身同一的逻辑必然性,个体起源为把握这种必然性提供了手段和标准,同一关系必然性定律的代入例只适用于严格指示词。通过对归类行动及其产品的实在性的理解,自然种类本体论问题上的约定论立场更具解题功能。由归类属性与第二实体的关联所决定,自然种类词本身即兼具指称和谓述功能。基于起源对个体与内部结构对自然种类不同作用的比较,通过区分逻辑必然和并非逻辑必然,可以从“是”型陈述中区分出真正同一性陈述和属性陈述,进而可以为“后验必然理论”提供辩护,客观上突显区分形而上学与认识论的方法论价值。Based on the clarification of the core concepts of modal predicate logic,it can be seen that rigid designator is essentially a metaphysical concept.To understand this concept,we need to consciously appeal to the necessity of self-identity of referents,and the origin of individuals is the means and standard for grasping this necessity,and rigid designators are appropriate instances for the law of necessity for identity relation.Based on the reading for the reality of sorting action and its products,it is found that conventionalism of ontology of natural kinds has more comprehensive problems-solving function.The connection between sorting property and secondary entities determines that natural kind terms themselves can both refer and predicate.On the basis of the understanding for difference of origin for individuals from intrinsic structure for natural kinds,a distinction of logical necessity from non-logical necessity can help us distinguish genuine identity statements from property statements,and further justify for necessity a posteriori propositions,and which emphasizes the methodological value of distinguishing metaphysics from epistemology.

关 键 词：自然种类 严格指示 归类行动 逻辑必然性 理论同一性陈述 

分 类 号：B81[哲学宗教—逻辑学]