三川河流域土地利用及景观格局对径流泥沙的影响  

Effects of Land Use and Landscape Pattern on Runoff and Sediment in Sanchuan River Basin

作　　者：张敏[1] 薛丽萍 刘林 Zhang Min;Xue Liping;Liu Lin(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030013,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学水土保持科学研究所,山西太原030013

出　　处：《山西水土保持科技》2023年第3期46-50,共5页Soil and Water Conservation Science and Technology in Shanxi

基　　金：山西省水利科学技术研究与推广项目(2021LS018)。

摘　　要：本研究以晋西三川河流域为对象,基于1999-2019年径流泥沙数据和遥感影像,利用GIS和Fragstats软件分析流域径流泥沙和土地利用及景观格局的变化特征,并结合回归分析和相关性分析方法探讨土地利用及景观格局对径流泥沙的影响。结果表明:(1)随着年份的增加,三川河流域的年径流量和泥沙量均呈现减小的趋势,且泥沙量在2014-2019年急剧减少;径流量的变异系数较低,而泥沙量的变异系数较高;(2)耕地面积不断下降,其斑块数量、最大斑块指数、聚集度呈递减趋势;林草地总面积持续增长,其斑块数量、斑块密度、最大斑块指数及聚集度呈递增趋势;(3)径流量与泥沙量随耕地面积的减少、林草地总面积的增加呈现抛物线下降;(4)耕地的最大斑块指数、聚集度和居民及工矿用地的斑块数量、密度均与流域径流量和泥沙量呈正相关关系。通过研究,可科学认识土地利用及景观格局变化对三川河流域径流泥沙的影响,对黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展具有重要意义。Based on runoff and sediment data and remote sensing images from 1999 to 2019,this study used GIS and Fragstats software to analyze the change characteristics of runoff and sediment,land use and landscape pattern in the basin,and explored the effects of land use and landscape pattern on runoff and sediment by combining regression analysis and correlation analysis methods.The results showed that:(1)With the increase of years,the annual runoff and sediment volume in the Sanchuanhe River Basin showed a decreasing trend,and the sediment volume decreased sharply from 2014 to 2019;The coefficient of variation of runoff volume is lower,while that of sediment volume is higher.(2)The cultivated land area continued to decline,and the number of patches,the maximum patch index and the degree of aggregation showed a decreasing trend;The total area of forest and grassland increased continuously,and the number of patches,patch density,maximum patch index and aggregation degree showed an increasing trend.(3)With the decrease of cultivated land area and the increase of total forest and grassland land area,the runoff and sediment amount showed a parabolic decline;(4)The maximum patch index and aggregation degree of cultivated land and the number and density of patches in residential and industrial land are positively correlated with runoff and sediment volume in the basin.Through this study,we can scientifically understand the influence of land use and landscape pattern change on runoff and sediment in Sanchuanhe River Basin,which is of great significance for ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.

关 键 词：径流泥沙 土地利用 景观格局 三川河流域 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]