牦牛缺氧敏感组织对环境的适应机制  

ADAPTATION MECHANISM OF HYPOXIC SENSITIVE TISSUE TOENVIRONMENT IN YAK

作　　者：李志莲 李亚兄 马永贵[1] 韩银仓[3] 宋道光 陈志[1] LI Zhi-lian(College of Life Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining Qinghai 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命科学学院,青海西宁810008 [2]青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海西宁810008 [3]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《青海草业》2023年第3期31-37,共7页Qinghai Prataculture

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察项目(SQ2019QZKK2206);青海省科学技术厅科技创新平台建设项目(2020-ZJ-Y04)。

摘　　要：被誉为“世界屋脊”的青藏高原具有低氧、低温、强紫外线等环境特征。牦牛作为青藏高原特有的品种,因其独特的生理机能得以适应高原地区寒冷和低氧环境并生存和繁衍。近年来,高原特有动物形态、生理、生化及遗传适应机制探究已成为热点。本文对近年来围绕青藏高原牦牛缺氧敏感组织(心脏和肺脏)的形态解剖学及基因组学研究进展进行综述,以期深刻解读牦牛的独特高原低氧适应机制。Known as the“roof of the world”,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is characterized by low oxygen,low temperature and strong ultraviolet rays.As a unique breed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,yak can survive and reproduce in the cold and low oxygen environment in the plateau area because of its unique physiological function.In recent years,the research on the morphological,physiological,biochemical and genetic adaptation mechanism of plateau endemic animals has become a hot topic.This article reviews the recent progress in the morphological anatomy and genomic research of hypoxic-sensitive tissues(heart and lung)in Tibetan Plateau yaks,mainly explaining the unique hypoxic adaptation mechanism of yaks.

关 键 词：牦牛 青藏高原 缺氧 敏感组织 适应机制 

分 类 号：S823.85[农业科学—畜牧学]