海洋生态文明建设能否改善海岸带环境——来自国家海洋生态文明示范区的证据  

Has the construction of marine ecological civilization improved the coastal zone environment:evidence from China’s national marine ecological civilization demonstration zones

作　　者：魏昕伊 胡求光[1,2] 马劲韬 WEI Xinyi;HU Qiuguang;MA Jintao(School of Business,Ningbo University,Ningbo Zhejiang 315211,China;Donghai Academy,Ningbo University,Ningbo Zhejiang 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学商学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]宁波大学东海研究院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2023年第9期123-133,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“海洋生态环境陆海统筹治理机制研究:绩效评价、策略博弈与政策仿真”(批准号:71874092)。

摘　　要：发展海洋经济,保护海洋生态环境,加快建设海洋强国是中国式现代化的重要内涵。为协同推进海洋生态保护与海洋经济高质量发展,国家开展了海洋生态文明示范区建设,旨在深化海洋生态治理,破解海洋发展难题。该研究将海洋生态文明示范区视为准自然实验,依托2006—2019年沿海47个城市的面板数据,采用双重差分法探究试点政策对海岸带环境的影响机理。研究发现:①海洋生态文明示范区建设显著改善了海岸带环境,有效推动了沿岸环境与近岸水质环境的污染治理。②异质性分析表明,地区市场化水平和地方政府晋升机制对海洋生态文明示范区的建设成效存在不同的调节作用。③从影响机制来看,海洋生态文明示范区建设通过提高政府治理强度和增加企业税负压力两种方式影响海岸带环境,加大政府治理强度能有效减少沿岸废水、废气排放,却无法凸显其对近岸水质环境的“绿化”效果;增加企业税负压力有利于发挥市场化、有偿化管理机制对海岸带环境的影响。该研究基于陆海视角围绕海岸带环境效应展开分析,丰富了示范区建设的海岸带环境效应研究。综合整治过程中应秉持陆海统筹理念,在充分发挥政治引领作用的同时,有效提升经济治理效能,稳步推进海岸带环境质量持续改善。Developing the marine economy,protecting the marine ecological environment,and speeding up the construction of marine power are important components of the Chinese path to modernization.To promote marine ecological preservation and high-quality development of the marine economy in a coordinated manner,China has carried out the construction of marine ecological civilization demonstration zones,aiming to deepen marine ecological governance and solve difficulties in marine development.Based on the panel data of 47 coastal cities from 2006 to 2019,this study regarded the construction of China’s national marine ecological civilization zones as a quasi-natural experiment,using the difference-in-differences method to explore the impact mechanism of this pilot policy on the coastal zone environment.The results showed that:①The marine ecological civilization demonstration zones significantly improved the coastal zone environment and effectively promoted the pollution control of the coastal environment and nearshore water quality environment.②Heterogeneity analysis showed that regional marketization level and local government promotion mechanisms had different moderating effects on the construction of marine ecological civilization demonstration zones.③The construction of the marine ecological civilization demonstration zones affected the coastal zone environment by increasing the intensity of the government’s governance and the tax burden on enterprises.Increasing the intensity of government governance could effectively reduce coastal wastewater and waste gas emissions but could not highlight its‘greening’effect on the nearshore water quality environment.Increasing the tax burden on enterprises was conducive to giving full play to the impact of market-oriented and paid management mechanisms on the coastal zone environment.This study focuses on the analysis of coastal zone environmental effects from the perspective of land and sea,which enriches the research on the impact of demonstration zone construction on

关 键 词：海洋生态文明示范区 沿岸环境 近岸水质 海岸带环境 

分 类 号：P74[天文地球—海洋科学] X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]