锥栗杂交F_(1)代果实表型性状变异分析及单株综合选择  

Variation Analysis of Fruit Phenotypic Traits and Comprehensive Selection of Individual Plant in F_(1)Generation of Castanea henryi

作　　者：方周 江锡兵[1] 龚榜初[1] 赖俊声 吴剑 李煜 FANG Zhou;JIANG Xi-bing;GONG Bang-chu;LAI Jun-sheng;WU Jian;LI Yu(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;Forestry College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Qingyuan Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning,Qingyuan 323800,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400 [2]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [3]庆元县自然资源和规划局,浙江庆元323800

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2023年第5期21-31,共11页Forest Research

基　　金：浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02070-4);林业和草原科技成果国家级推广项目(2023133102)。

摘　　要：[目的]为明确锥栗杂交子代果实性状变异规律,并进行综合评价和优良单株选择。[方法]以锥栗杂交F_(1)代143个单株为材料,对其果实表型7个外形特征性状和12个数量性状分别进行遗传多样性与变异分析,并采用主成分分析与灰色关联度分析方法对所有单株进行综合评价。[结果]杂交F_(1)代坚果形状等6个外形特征性状多样性指数大于0.8,具有丰富的遗传多样性;12个数量性状中,变异幅度较大的为栗苞总质量、坚果总质量与单果质量,变异幅度最小为出仁率,单株间果实表型各性状差异极显著(P<0.01),具有较大的选择潜力;12个果实数量性状间共存在42组极显著相关(P<0.01)与6组显著相关(P<0.05)关系,可开展联合选择;主成分分析与灰色关联度分析中单株综合得分最高均为G-98,2种方法综合评选出G-98等10个优良单株。[结论]锥栗杂交F_(1)代果实表型性状存在丰富的变异与相关性,综合选优结果重合度较高,研究结果为锥栗新种质创制和优良新品种选育奠定了基础。[Objective]To clarify the variation patterns of fruit traits in hybrid offspring of Castanea henryi,and to conduct comprehensive evaluation and selection of excellent individual plants.[Method]The genetic diversity and variation of 7 shape feature traits and 12 quantitative traits of the fruit phenotype of 143 individual plants of F_(1)generation of Castanea henryi were analyzed,and all individual plants were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and grey correlation analysis.[Result]The results showed that the diversity index of 6 shape feature traits such as nut shape in F_(1)hybrid generation was greater than 0.8,which showed high genetic diversity.Among the 12 quantitative characters,fruit bract mass,total nut weight and single nut weight had a large variation range,and the smallest variation range was the percentage of kernels.The differences of fruit phenotypic characters among single plants were very significant(P<0.01),which had great selection potential.There were 42 groups of extremely significant correlation(P<0.01)and 6 groups of significant correlation(P<0.05)among the 12 fruit quantitative traits,and joint selection could be carried out.The highest comprehensive score of single plant was G-98 through principal component analysis and grey correlation analysis,and 10 excellent single plants including G-98 were selected by these two methods.[Conclusion]There are rich variations and correlations among various phenotypic traits in the F_(1)hybrid of Castanea henryi,and the overlap of comprehensive selection results is high.The results lay a foundation for the creation of new germplasm and the breeding of fine new varieties of Castanea henryi.

关 键 词：锥栗 杂交育种 果实性状 主成分分析 灰色关联度分析 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]