生物炭施用下亚热带红壤铁还原及磷形态转化关系研究  

Relationship between Iron Reduction and Phosphorus Transformation inSubtropical Red Soil under Biochar Application

作　　者：高倩倩 杨孜奕 潘芳莹 黄彩凤[1,2] 周垂帆 GAO Qian-qian;YANG Zi-yi;PAN Fang-ying;HUANG Cai-feng;ZHOU Chui-fan(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Fujian University Engineering Research Center for Sustainable Management of Plantations Fuzhou 35002,Fujian,China;College of Forestry and Grassland,College of Water and Soil Conservation,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]人工林可持续经营福建省高校工程研究中心,福建福州350002 [3]南京林业大学林草学院水土保持学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2023年第5期149-159,共11页Forest Research

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01520);福建林业厅科技推广项目(2020TG20);国家自然科学基金项目(32071746)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究降雨丰沛,土壤水分长期饱和条件下生物炭对杉木人工林土壤铁还原的影响,分析土壤铁还原菌、解磷菌群落结构变化规律,最终明确生物炭对土壤铁还原的影响及与磷形态转化的关系。[方法]以杉木人工林红壤为供试土壤,收集林下杉木叶烧制成300℃和500℃生物炭,以0、1%、3%占比添加生物炭进行40 d的室内培养。测定土壤基本化学养分,采用修正后的Hedley方法测定土壤中不同磷素形态含量,利用高通量测序技术分析土壤解磷菌与铁还原菌群落结构。[结果]淹水处理后土壤活性磷含量增多,并且随生物炭添加量的增加而增加,其中水溶态有机磷和碳酸氢钠态无机磷占比较大;残渣态磷含量随生物炭添加量的增加而减少。淹水处理组的铁还原菌基因拷贝数高于非淹水处理组,且同一水分条件下随生物炭烧制温度的增加而增加,淹水处理组的亚铁离子含量远高于非淹水处理,且随生物炭添加量的增加而降低,淹水处理组的土壤化学性质例如pH、全碳、全磷含量高于非淹水处理组,且随生物炭添加量的增加而上升。在淹水处理中土壤解磷菌群落丰富度随烧制温度的升高而增加,并且解磷菌群落结构和多样性增强。[结论]厌氧条件促进Fe(Ⅲ)还原,生物炭的添加改变了土壤化学性质,影响土壤解磷菌群落结构和多样性、铁还原菌的生长微环境,在微生物与Fe(Ⅲ)还原的双重作用下,促进残渣态磷与氢氧化钠态磷向水溶态磷和碳酸氢钠态有机磷转化,增强了土壤磷素有效性。因此,在南方降雨充沛地区,杉木人工林施加生物炭能够改善土壤养分状况,为杉木生长提供足够磷素。[Objective]To study the effect of biological carbon on soil iron reduction in Chinese fir plantations under the condition of abundant rainfall and long-term soil water saturation,and analyze the community structure changes of iron-reducing bacteria and phosphorus solving bacteria in soil,for clarifying the influence of biochar on soil iron reduction and its relationship with phosphorus form transformation.[Method]Based on the red soil of Chinese fir plantations,Chinese fir leaves under the forest were collected and fired to produce 300℃and 500℃biochar.Biochar was added at 0,1%and 3%for 40 days of indoor culture.The basic chemical nutrients of soil were analyzed.The content of different phosphorus forms in soil was determined by the modified Hedley method,and the community structure of soil phosphate solubilizing bacteria and iron reducing bacteria was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology.[Result]The content of soil active phosphorus increased with the increase of the amount of biochar,and most of them were the H2O-Po and NaHCO3-Pi.The content of Residual-P decreased with the increase of biological carbon.The copy number of genes of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in flooded treatment group was higher than that in non-flooded treatment group,and increased with the increase of biochar firing temperature under the same water condition.The content of ferrous ions in flooded treatment group was much higher than that in non-flooded treatment group,and decreased with the increase of biochar addition.The soil chemical properties such as pH,TC and TP contents in the flooded group were higher than those in the non-flooded treatment group,and increased with the increase of biochar addition amount.The richness of soil phosphorus solubilizing bacteria community increased with increasing firing temperature,and the community structure and diversity of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria also increased with increasing firing temperature.[Conclusion]The anaerobic conditions promote the reduction of Fe(Ⅲ).The addition of

关 键 词：生物炭 杉木林 磷形态 土壤氧化还原 解磷菌 铁还原菌 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]