机载三波长激光雷达系统  

Airborne three-wavelength LiDAR system

作　　者：杨峰[1] 石振东 姜勇[1] 包宁 白杨[1] 王雅兰 冷杰[1] 徐林 徐诗月 宋昭[1] 贾凯[1] 陈德章[1] 高剑波[1] 陈美君 YANG Feng;SHI ZhenDong;JIANG Yong;BAO Ning;BAI Yang;WANG YaLan;LENG Jie;XU Lin;XU ShiYue;SONG Zhao;JIA Kai;CHEN DeZhang;GAO JianBo;CHEN MeiJun(Southwest Institute of Technical Physics,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南技术物理研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2023年第9期1556-1566,共11页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家高分专项;山东省重大科技创新工程专项(编号:2018SDKJ0102-6)资助

摘　　要：为适应中高空机载多波长激光雷达对地高分辨三维成像发展需求,实现光谱和水陆一体化探测目的,本文提出了一种三波长线性和单光子复合探测激光雷达系统,采用三波长阵列光束照明结合菲涅尔棱镜圆锥扫描方式,实现机载平台快速对地多波长三维成像.本文从系统工作原理出发,详细介绍了三波长激光光源模块、菲涅尔棱镜光束扫描模块、多波长共轴收发光学系统以及线性和单光子复合探测、采集、数据处理等部分.多波长激光共孔径收发、同步采集、处理、存储,保证了光谱与空间几何数据在空间和时间上的完整性和一致性,进而为多波长数据融合和水陆一体化探测提供数据支撑.为测试和评估机载三波长激光雷达的性能,首先进行了系统静态测试,完成了三波长3.6 km目标静态测距试验;然后进行了地面动态测试,完成了系统软硬件联调试验,成像数据与商业雷达基本一致;最后通过机载飞行试验,完成了城市、工业区、丘陵、水库等区域机载对地三波长三维成像,初步实现了水陆一体化探测和三波长线性与单光子数据在光谱和空间维度上的融合.This study proposes a three-wavelength linear and single-photon composite detection LiDAR system to meet the developmentrequirements of medium- and high-altitude airborne multiwavelength LiDAR for high-resolution three-dimensional imaging of theground, as well as to achieve the goal of spectral and land-water integrated detection. The three-wavelength array beam illuminationcombined with Fresnel prism cone scanning mode is used to realize the rapid multiwavelength three-dimensional imaging of theairborne platform. This study introduces the details of a three-wavelength laser light source module, Fresnel prism beam scanningmodule, multiwavelength coaxial transceiver optical system, and linear and single-photon composite detection, acquisition, dataprocessing, and so on, based on the system’s operating concept. The multiwavelength laser common aperture transceiver, synchronousacquisition, processing, and storage assure the integrity and consistency of spectral and spatial geometric data in space and time andthen provide data support for multiwavelength data fusion and land-water integrated detection. To test and assess the performance ofan airborne three-wavelength LiDAR, a system static test was performed first, followed by a static ranging test on a 3.6 km target wascompleted. The ground dynamic test was then performed, and the system’s software and hardware were tested. The imaging data werebasically consistent with that of commercial LiDAR. Finally, the airborne flight test was performed, and the three-wavelength 3Dimaging was completed in cities, industrial areas, hills, reservoirs, and other areas. The land-water integrated detection and the fusionof three-wavelength linear and single-photon data in spectral and spatial dimensions are preliminarily realized.

关 键 词：机载激光雷达 多波长探测 水陆探测 线性与单光子复合探测 

分 类 号：TN958.98[电子电信—信号与信息处理]