基于访问控制的可验证医疗区块链数据搜索机制  

A verifiable medical blockchain data search mechanism with access control

作　　者：甘臣权 杨宏鹏 祝清意 贾家庆 李昆鸿 GAN Chenquan;YANG Hongpeng;ZHU Qingyi;JIA Jiaqing;LI Kunhong(School of Cyber Security and Information Law,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,P.R.China;School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学网络空间安全与信息法学院,重庆400065 [2]重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,重庆400065

出　　处：《重庆邮电大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期873-887,共15页Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61702066);重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0681,cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0761)。

摘　　要：针对医疗区块链用户进行数据搜索时一般需要按照顺序依次逐个遍历链上所有块,导致搜索效率不高、查询条件单一且无法区分不同类型用户的数据访问权限等问题,提出了基于访问控制的可验证医疗区块链数据的搜索机制。对医疗区块链上所有交易数据构建相应的索引,并存储在设计好的非关系数据库中,利用数据库的高效查询功能来提升医疗区块链上数据的搜索效率及实现多条件查询,有效降低实际搜索时遍历整条链的概率;考虑到数据共享的安全性和准确性,设计了用户访问控制策略和数据可验证机制,以保证用户访问医疗区块链数据的合法性和准确性。在以太坊Ethereum、非关系数据库MongoDB和真实公开的医疗数据上的实验结果表明,所提可验证搜索机制能够提高医疗区块链数据的搜索效率,同时兼顾数据的安全性和正确性。Since the data on the medical blockchain is randomly stored in each block,users generally need to traverse all blocks on the chain one by one in order when searching for data,resulting in low search efficiency,single-condition query,and the inability to distinguish the data access rights of different types of users.To this end,a verifiable medical blockchain data search mechanism with access control is proposed,which builds corresponding indexes for all transaction data on the medical blockchain and stores them in the designed nonrelational database,and uses the efficient query function of the database to improve the search efficiency of data on the medical blockchain and realize multi-condition query.This can effectively reduce the probability of traversing the whole chain during actual search.Considering the security and accuracy of data sharing,user access control strategy and data verifiability mechanism are designed to ensure the legitimacy and accuracy of user access to medical blockchain data.The experimental results on Ethereum,nonrelational database MongoDB and real public medical data show that the proposed verifiable search mechanism can improve the search efficiency of medical blockchain data,while ensuring the security and accuracy of the data.

关 键 词：医疗区块链 电子医疗数据 非关系数据库 访问控制 可验证搜索 

分 类 号：TN918[电子电信—通信与信息系统] TP311[电子电信—信息与通信工程]