“双碳 ”背景下气候技术国际转让的困境及法律解决路径  

The Dilemma and Legal Solution to the International Transfer of Climate Technology in the Context of Dual Carbon

作　　者：郝海青[1] 朱甜 Hao Haiqing;Zhu Tian(School of Law,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学法学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2023年第10期141-149,共9页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：2022年度青岛市哲学社会科学规划项目“‘双碳’背景下气候变化透明度机制研究”(QDSKL2201072)。

摘　　要：气候变化是全球共同面临的现实紧迫风险,多国为应对气候危机制定碳达峰与碳中和目标,而气候技术是实现双碳目标的重要支撑,2022年11月COP27通过决议,再次强调发达国家应当加强对发展中国家的技术转让和资金支持。但由于气候技术的国际转让容易受到多方法律制度的羁绊,且在实施过程中缺乏透明、可行的操作机制,导致转让效果不佳。为了促进气候技术的国际转让,一方面要更加细化气候变化国际条约框架下关于促进气候技术国际转让的机制,增加资金等支助机制的透明度,增强气候技术国际转让的约束力;另一方面要处理好气候技术在转让过程中的知识产权问题,坚持适当保护与扩大强制许可并行的机制,逐步实现技术信息共享,从而从推、拉两极推进不同发展程度的国家间合作,在积极创设良好合作范式的基础上,为中国参与气候技术转让提供参考和借鉴。Climate change is a real and urgent risk faced by the world.Many countries have formulated carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals in response to the climate crisis,and climate technology is an important support for achieving the goals.In November 2022,COP27 adopted a resolution,re-emphasizing that developed countries should strengthen technology transfer and financial support to developing countries.However,the international transfer of climate technology is hampered by multiple laws,lacking transparent and feasible operational mechanisms in implementation,so resulting in ineffective transfers.In order to promote the international transfer of climate technology,on the one hand,it is necessary to refine the mechanism for promoting the international transfer of climate technology under the framework of the international treaty on climate change,increase the transparency of financial and other support mechanisms,and enhance the binding force of international transfer of climate technology.On the other hand,it is necessary to properly deal with the intellectual property rights in the transfer of climate technology,adhere to the parallel mechanism of appropriate protection and expansion of compulsory licensing,and gradually realize the sharing of technological information,so as to promote cooperation between countries at different development level from both side of pushing and pulling,and provide references and lessons for China's participation in climate technology transfer based on good cooperation paradigm.

关 键 词：气候技术 国际转让 推拉理论 碳达峰 碳中和 

分 类 号：D996.9[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]