轮边主减速器二级齿轮组齿轮的啮合优化分析  

Optimization analysis of gear meshing in second-stage gear set of wheel side main reducer

作　　者：初晓孟 封金龙 曾红[1] 杨孝堃 CHU Xiaomeng;FENG Jinlong;ZENG Hong;YANG Xiaokun(College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Liaoning University of Technology,Jinzhou 121001,China;Liaoning Huaxing Electromechanical Co.,Ltd.,Jinzhou 121002,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工业大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁锦州121001 [2]辽宁华兴机电有限公司,辽宁锦州121002

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第10期1519-1526,共8页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基本科研重点项目(LJKZ0603);辽宁省博士科研启动基金资助项目(2022-BS-308)。

摘　　要：使用静力学分析与遗传算法相结合的方式对减速器进行设计、优化时,对于在传动中承受大扭矩的轮边减速器,没有考虑到因加速度引起的惯性力。针对电驱动救援车轮边减速器原主减速器二级齿轮组的强度偏弱问题,对主减速器二级齿轮组齿轮进行了设计、优化分析,解决了原减速器二级齿轮组强度偏弱问题。首先,依据轮边主减速器基本数据,进行了主减速器的三维建模设计,然后对所设计模型添加了相应的约束条件,对其进行了瞬态动力学仿真分析,发现了二级齿轮组存在强度偏弱问题;然后,提出了使用蒙特卡洛算法与宏观、微观优化相互配合使用的方法,对二级齿轮参数(即螺旋角、压力角、法面模数)进行了数据优化处理;最后,使用所获得的优化数据对减速器二级齿轮组进行了重新建模和仿真分析,由仿真分析结果判定了优化的可靠性。研究结果表明:进行优化后,减速器二级齿轮组齿轮的线性传动误差降低了59.38%,齿根处最大应力值降低了14.3%;同时,齿面接触印痕、齿面接触载荷、齿根最大接触应力均得到了优化,提高了齿轮的整体使用寿命。When the static analysis and genetic algorithm were combined to design and optimize the reducer,the inertia force caused by acceleration was not considered for the wheel-side reducer which bears large torque in transmission.Aiming at the problem of weak strength of the secondary gear group of the original main gear group of the electric driven rescue wheel side reducer,the gear of the second gear set of the main reducer was designed and optimized,and the problem of weak strength of the second gear set of the original reducer was solved.Firstly,the 3D modeling design of main wheel reducer was carried out according to the basic data of the main wheel reducer,and then the corresponding constraint conditions were added to the designed model for transient dynamics simulation analysis.It was found that the strength of the two-stage gear group was weak.Then,the Monte Carlo algorithm was used in coordination with macro and micro-optimization to optimize the data of the two stage gear parameters,such as helix angle,pressure angle and normal surface modulus.Finally,the two-stage gear group of the reducer was modeled and simulated with the obtained optimization data,and the reliability of the optimization was determined by the simulation analysis results.The results show that the linear transmission error of gear in the second gear set of the reducer is reduced by 59.38%,and the maximum stress at the root is reduced by 14.3%after optimization.The contact impression,contact load and maximum contact stress at the root are optimized,and the service life of gear is improved as a whole.

关 键 词：齿轮变速器 蒙特卡洛优化算法 线性传动误差 齿轮组强度 齿面接触载荷 瞬态动力学仿真分析 

分 类 号：TH132.46[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U463.21[机械工程—车辆工程]