氢能源汽车70 MPa储氢瓶安全泄放特性分析  

Discharge Characteristics of 70 MPa Hydrogen Storage Cylinder of Hydrogen-powered Vehicle

作　　者：黄蕙琳 王东雨 许惠云 訚耀保[1] 魏子航 刘冬明 HUANG Hui-lin;WANG Dong-yu;XU Hui-yun;YIN Yao-bao;WEI Zi-hang;LIU Dong-ming(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;FTXT Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,上海200092 [2]未势能源科技有限公司,河北保定071000

出　　处：《阀门》2023年第5期570-577,共8页VALVE MAGAZINE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52175059);国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2001100)。

摘　　要：针对氢能源汽车紧急状态下高压储氢瓶快速泄放的安全要求,建立了基于R-K状态方程的车载高压储氢瓶及其安全泄放阀回路的数学模型,分析了储氢瓶安全泄放阀回路泄放过程的特性,并与火烧试验的测试结果进行了对比。研究结果表明,压力70 MPa、容积57 L的储氢瓶,采用理想气体状态方程和R-K状态方程计算得到的储氢质量与实测结果的误差分别为41.35%、5.26%,理想气体状态方程不适用于高压气体;采用数学模型和CFD仿真模型得到的泄放时间理论结果与实测结果的误差分别为8.39%、4.89%;安全泄放阀回路通道中TPRD泄压装置对流场分布的影响最为显著;高压储氢瓶的出口流量与通道管径呈正相关关系,泄放时间与通道管径呈负相关关系。本文分析结果可作为氢能源汽车车载高压储氢瓶安全泄放阀回路设计和分析的理论依据。In order to meet the safety requirements for rapid release of high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders in emergency situations for hydrogen-powered vehicles,a mathematical model based on the R-K equation of state is developed for the on-board high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder and its safety relief circuit.The discharge characteristics of the release process in the safety relief circuit of the hydrogen storage cylinder are analyzed,and the results are compared with the testing results from fire burn experiments.The research findings indicate that for a hydrogen storage cylinder with a pressure of 70 MPa and a volume of 57 L,the errors between the calculated hydrogen mass using ideal gas equation of state and R-K equation of state and the measured results are 41.35%and 5.26%,respectively.Ideal gas equation of state is not suitable for high-pressure gases.The theoretical results of the release time obtained using mathematical model and CFD simulation model have errors of 8.39%and 4.89%compared to test results,respectively.The TPRD pressure relief device in the safety relief circuit has the most significant influence on the flow field distribution.The outlet flow rate of the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder is positively correlated with the channel diameter,while the release time is negatively correlated with the channel diameter.The analytical results presented in this study can serve as a theoretical basis for the design and analysis of the safety relief circuit for on-board high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders in hydrogen-powered vehicles.

关 键 词：氢能源汽车 储氢瓶 氢气泄放阀 泄放特性 R-K状态方程 

分 类 号：TH134[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]