《氾胜之书》中的水分生理知识和科学思想  

Water Physiology Knowledge and Scientific Thoughts in Fan Sheng-Chih Shu

作　　者：韩占江[1] Han Zhanjiang(College of Life Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《西部学刊》2023年第19期93-96,共4页Journal of Western

基　　金：2022年塔里木大学研究生教育教学改革项目“基于‘农史’的植物水分生理课程思政研究”(编号:TDETR202214);2023年塔里木大学高等教育教学改革项目“应用生物科学专业课程思政数字化教学体系建设研究”(编号:TDGJSZ2304);2023年首批兵团高校课程思政示范课程“植物生理学”(编号:22000034378);2022年兵团一流本科专业建设项目“应用生物科学”(编号:22000032722)有关成果。

摘　　要：通过研读《氾胜之书》,发现其中蕴含着丰富的水分生理知识和科学思想。《氾胜之书》非常重视“保泽”,并且将“趣时”“和土”“务粪泽”三个总原则有机结合;在耕作、播种、灌溉、施肥、锄草、收获等多个操作环节都注重“看天、看地、看庄稼”,注意收集各种形式的降水,并注重以水调温,促进作物生长,给出了栽培作物的准确灌溉量,经济高效地灌溉;记载了渗灌、浸润灌溉、冬灌、集雪灌溉等技术雏形,这些水分生理知识和科学思想为后世农书和群众广泛继承和发展提供了借鉴,足见其先进之处,时至今日,《氾胜之书》仍具有重要的借鉴价值。Fan Sheng-Chih Shu is the earliest existing agricultural book in China and one of the four major ancient agricultural books.Through studying Fan Sheng-Chih Shu,it is found that it contains rich water physiology knowledge and scientific thoughts.Fan Sheng-Chih Shu attaches great importance to “preserving soil moisture” and organically integrates the three general principles of “choosing the appropriate time”,“making the soil suitable”,and “maintaining fertility and water”.It lays emphasis on “observing the weather,the soil and the crops” in various operations such as farming,sowing,irrigating,fertilizing,weeding,and harvesting.Besides,it pays attention to collecting various forms of precipitation and using the water to adjust temperature for the growth of crops.In the book,accurate irrigation volume for cultivated crops is also provided for economical and efficient irrigation.Meanwhile,it also records the embryonic forms of technologies such as infiltrating irrigation,wetting irrigation,winter irrigation,and snow collection irrigation.These water physiology knowledge and scientific thoughts provide a reference for subsequent agricultural books and the widespread inheritance and development by the masses,demonstrating their advanced nature.Even today,Fan Sheng-Chih Shu still holds significant reference value.

关 键 词：《氾胜之书》 水分生理知识 科学思想 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学]