基于STPA的核电厂仪控系统安全分析研究  

Research on Safety Analysis of Instrumentation and Control System of Nuclear Power Plant Based on STPA

作　　者：张隽祺 孙诗炎[1] 向思宇 吴坤任 王琳[1] 李昱 ZHANG Junqi;SUN Shiyan;XIANG Siyu;WU Kunren;WANG Lin;LI Yu(Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory,Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室,四川成都610213

出　　处：《自动化仪表》2023年第S01期139-144,共6页Process Automation Instrumentation

摘　　要：为解决核电厂复杂仪控系统的安全性分析问题,通过引入基于系统理论的过程分析(STPA)方法,完成仪控系统的安全性分析。利用系统损失分析、系统风险分析、不安全的控制行为分析、致因场景分析四个分析过程,完成对现有核电厂仪控系统中控制保护耦合方案的安全性分析,以及保护系统设计过程的安全性分析。分析结果表明,STPA方法可有效从系统角度分析设计方案及设计流程中的不足,找出相关方案导致系统风险的致因场景和导致设计问题的根本原因。相关分析过程可进一步指导STPA方法在复杂仪控系统安全性分析中的应用。分析结果可用于指导复杂仪控系统的安全性设计。To solve the problem of safety analysis of complex instrumentation and control systems in nuclear power plants,the safety analysis of instrumentation and control systems is accomplished through the introduction of the systems⁃theoretic process analysis(STPA)method.Using four analysis processes,namely,system loss analysis,system risk analysis,unsafe control behavior analysis,and causative scenario analysis,the safety analysis of control and protection coupling schemes in the existing instrumentation and control systems of nuclear power plants is completed,as well as the safety analysis of the design process of the protection system.The analysis results show that the STPA method can effectively analyze the deficiencies in the design scheme and the design process from a system perspective and identify the causal scenarios of the relevant scheme that lead to system risks and the root causes of the design problems.The relevaut analysis process can further guide the application of the STPA method in the safety analysis of complex instrumentation and control systems.The analysis results can be used to guide the safety design of complex instrumentation and control systems.

关 键 词：核电厂 仪控系统 系统理论过程分析 安全性分析 设计准则 不安全控制行为 

分 类 号：TH89[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]