兼顾治污效果和增产保供能力的农业面源污染治理机制研究——基于种养殖业农户的动态博弈分析  

Study on Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control Mechanism Considering Pollution Control Effect and Ensuring Production:Based on Dynamic Game Analysis in the Planting and Breeding Farmers

作　　者：姚万军[1] 戴雪映 曾霞[3] Yao Wanjun;Dai Xueying;Zeng Xia(School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 30071,China;Shandong Agricul-tural Development Credit Guarantee Co.,Ltd,Jinan 250014,China;Honors College of Tianjin Foreign Studies University,Tianjin 300204,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院,300071 [2]山东省农业发展信贷担保有限责任公司,250014 [3]天津外国语大学求索荣誉学院,300204

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2023年第7期3-26,共24页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学基金项目(TJLJ22-002);广东省哲学社会科学基金项目(GD19CYJ08);天津社科联重点项目(TJSKLZL-004);南开大学亚洲研究中心项目(AS2201)的资助。

摘　　要：我国农业面源污染形势严峻,治理农业面源污染需要兼顾治污效果、增产保供能力和农户收益。本文采用微分博弈模型,以政府不干预模式作为基准情形来比较分析环境税、物质循环和“物质循环+政府补贴”三种模式下种养殖业农户做出的生产和排污的均衡策略。结果表明,在环境税模式下,环境污染物总量、种养殖业农户的效用和产量均会减少;在物质循环模式下,环境污染物总量减少和产量增加,但是农户的短期收益减少;在“物质循环+政府补贴”模式下,环境污染物总量减少,种养殖业农户的短期收益和产量均增加。“物质循环+政府补贴”模式能够兼顾治污效果、农产品稳产保供与经济收益,是最优模式。因此,建议健全与物质循环相关的法律法规,明确农户、企业等多方的权利和义务,完善物质循环体系。The situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in China is severe.The current three agricultural non-point source pollution control policies of levying environmental tax,providing government subsidies and building circular economy are difficult to take into account the relationship between pollution control effect,stable production and supply of agricultural products and economic benefits,and the pollution control effect has not reached the expected goal.In view of the above difficulties,this paper uses the differential game model and takes the government non intervention model as the benchmark to compare and analyze the Nash equilibrium strategies of production and emission made by farmers in the planting and breeding industry under the three modes of environmental tax,material cycle and"material cycle+government subsidy".The results show that under the environmental tax mode,the total amount of environmental pollutants and the utility and yield of farmers in planting and breeding industry have decreased;Under the material circulation mode,the total amount of environmental pollutants and the utility of farmers in planting and breeding industry decrease,but the output increases;Under the mode of"material circulation+government subsidy",the total amount of environmental pollutants is reduced,and the utility and output of farmers in planting and breeding industry are increased,indicating that the mode of"material circulation+government subsidy"can give consideration to pollution control effect,stable production and supply of agricultural products and economic benefits.Therefore,it is suggested that the government should appropriately increase the financial subsidies related to promoting the material cycle,so as to improve the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in the circular economy,guide the construction of the material cycle market economy system,and effectively control agricultural non-point source pollution on the premise of ensuring the stable production and supply of agricultural products.

关 键 词：物质循环 环境税 政府补贴 微分博弈 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F326.3[经济管理—产业经济] X52