衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地土地利用变化对土壤性质的影响  

Effects of Land Use Change on Soil Properties on Sloping-land with Purple Soils in Hengyang

作　　者：杨满元[1] 魏甲彬 李娟 刘慧娟 黄雯 杨宁[1] YANG Manyuan;WEI Jiabin;LI Juan;LIU Huijuan;HUANG Wen;YANG Ning(College of Landscape Architecture,Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology,Hengyang 421005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南环境生物职业技术学院园林学院,湖南衡阳421005

出　　处：《湖南生态科学学报》2023年第1期75-85,共11页Journal of Hunan Ecological Science

基　　金：湖南省科技厅项目(S2006N332);衡阳市科技计划项目(202150083609);湖南环境生物职业技术学院南岳学者基金项目(N2021-03)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地土地利用变化对土壤性质的影响,揭示土地利用变化对土壤肥力的影响机制。【方法】选取研究区5种不同土地利用方式(包括耕种+撂荒地、灌草地、灌丛地、坡耕地和人工林地)的0~10 cm与10~20 cm土层土壤作为研究对象,对比分析其土壤理化性质和土壤微生物量碳、土壤微生物量氮含量及4种酶活性(蛋白酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶)等生物学性质,通过主成分分析和相关分析方法计算其土壤肥力指数,对并其土壤肥力进行综合评价。【结果】(1)灌草地和坡耕地的土壤含水量、土壤有机碳、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、土壤微生物量碳、土壤微生物量氮含量显著高于其他3种土地利用方式对应土层(P<0.05),且灌草地和坡耕地有较高的土壤酶活性;(2)除耕种+撂荒地外,其他4种土地利用方式0~10 cm土层土壤理化性质以及5种土地利用方式土壤生物学性质明显优于10~20 cm土层(P<0.05),即有明显的“表聚效应”;(3)除速效钾外,土壤肥力的各因子之间有明显的相关性;(4)土壤微生物量碳、土壤微生物量氮、土壤有机碳、全氮和碱解氮等是土壤肥力主要驱动因子,土壤质量指数计算结果表明,灌草地(1.78)与坡耕地(1.65)土壤肥力较好,人工林地(1.38)与灌丛地(1.16)次之,耕种+撂荒地(0.67)最差。【结论】与其他土地利用方式相比,灌草地(灌木紫穗槐+草本白花草木樨)和坡耕地(正常坡耕地种植)土地利用方式可以改善研究区的土壤性质,提升土壤肥力。【Objective】It is important to explore the effects of land use/cover change(LUCC)on soil properties and reveal the influence mechanism of LUCC on soil fertility on sloping-land with purple soils in Hengyang.【Method】The soil samples of 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil layers from 5 kinds of different land-use patterns including FAL(Farmed and abandoned land),SG(Shrub and grassland),SL(Shrub land),SF(Slope farmland)and AFL(Artificial forest land)were selected and collected to compare and analyze the differences of soil physico-chemical and biological properties including SMBC(Soil microbial biomass carbon),SMBN(Soil microbial biomass nitrogen)contents and the activities of 4 kinds of enzymes including PA(Protease activity),UA(Urease activity),CA(Catalase activity)andβ-GA(β-Glucosidase activity),then calculated soil fertility index and evaluated the soil fertility by the methods of principal component and correlation analysis in the study area.【Result】(1)In the same soil layers,the SWC(Soil water content),SOC(Soil organic carbon),TN(Total nitrogen),AN(Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen),AP(Available phosphorus),SMBC(Soil microbial biomass carbon)and SMBN(Soil microbial biomass nitrogen)contents of SG and SF were significantly higher than those of other 3 kinds of land-use patterns(P<0.05),and the activities of 4 kinds of enzymes in SG and SF all showed a higher level;(2)The soil physico-chemical properties of 0-10 cm soil layer in SG,SL,SF and AFL and soil biological properties of 0~10 cm soil layer in 5 kinds of land-use patterns were obviously better than those of 10-20 cm soil layer,which performed“surface convergence phenomenon”;(3)There were obvious correlations among factors of soil properties apart from AK(Available potassium);(4)SMBC,SMBN,SOC,TN and AN et al were main driving factors,SQI(Soil quality index)showed that the soil fertility quality of SG(1.78)and SF(1.65)was bettter,followed by AFL(1.38)and SL(1.16),and that of FAL(0.67)was the worst.【Conclusion】All the study indicated that the land-use

关 键 词：土地利用变化 土壤性质 土壤肥力 土壤质量指数 紫色土 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]